 DistroWatch Weekly |
| DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 998, 12 December 2022 |
Welcome to this year's 50th issue of DistroWatch Weekly!
People are often looking for the best operating system, with the category of "best" changing with a person's priorities. An operating system might be considered the best at being small, fast, feature-rich, modern-looking, or having the largest collection of software. Today we turn our gaze to an open source operating system which is arguably the best when it comes to security. OpenBSD has an impressive track record when it comes to both security and correct documentation. This week we begin with a look at OpenBSD 7.2 and report on some of its key features. Then, in our News section, we talk about Asahi Linux getting video hardware acceleration working, which offers much better performance for 3-D desktops and games. Plus we report on Fedora 35 reaching the end of its supported life and Manjaro adjusting its Mesa package to avoid proprietary codecs. In our Questions and Answers column we explore options for installing a Linux distribution without a user account set up by default. These userless, so-called OEM installs are relatively rare, but offered by a handful of Linux distributions. Does your current distribution offer an OEM install option? Let us know about it in this week's Opinion Poll. Plus we are pleased to list the new releases of the past week and share the torrents we are seeding. Finally, we are pleased to welcome the risiOS distribution to our database. risiOS is a Fedora-based project with a number of convenient tools included to help setup and customize the operating system. We wish you all a fantastic week and happy reading!
Content:
|
| Feature Story (by Jesse Smith) |
OpenBSD 7.2
The OpenBSD project develops an operating system which is lean, clearly documented, and has a proactive approach to security. The project is also the source of such popular software packages as OpenSSH and LibreSSL which are included in many open source operating systems. OpenBSD's latest release was version 7.2 which can run on over a dozen CPU architectures.
The install media for OpenBSD is available in separate formats for optical media (ISO files) and USB thumb drives (IMG files). The ISO file for the x86_64 architecture is 556MB while the IMG file is 664MB. Booting the OpenBSD media brings up a text console where we are asked if we'd like to install a new copy of OpenBSD, upgrade the operating system, perform an auto-install, or run a command line shell.
The command line shell provided on the install media offers a limited environment. There is just enough command software available to perform some tests and get the system installed. There isn't a full array of tools provided like you'd get on a full install of OpenBSD or from most Linux live discs.
Installing
Choosing to run the installer brings up a series of text prompts where we are expected to type our answers, or simply press Enter to take the default option. The defaults are generally quite sensible and we can get through a lot of the installer's steps by simply pressing Enter.
The installer walks us through selecting a keyboard layout, hostname, and enabling network cards. We are also asked to make up a password for the root account. We're asked if we want to enable remote access through the OpenSSH service (the default is to run the service). We can then optionally create a regular user account. The installer also asks us to confirm our timezone.
We are next asked to select which disk will hold OpenBSD. We can then accept a default disk layout or manually divide up the disk. This is probably the most complex part of the installer, if we go the manual partitioning route, as there isn't a lot of help or any friendly graphical or menu-driven partition manager. In the last step of the installer we are asked to select which components to install. These include kernels, the base userland system, manual pages, games, and graphical (X) display software. Once these packages are copied to our hard drive the system offers to restart the computer.
Early impressions
OpenBSD boots to a graphical login screen, if we installed the X packages, or to a text console if we did not. I opted to use X and, upon logging in I was presented with a very minimal window manager in the form of fvwm. This is a simple window manager with just a console running on the desktop. We can access the fvwm menu by left-clicking on any black section of the desktop. There are virtually no other applications or desktop components installed. There's no application menu, dock, wallpaper, or system tray. There is a graphical calculator, but otherwise we're pretty much just left with a virtual terminal and a virtual desktop switcher.
There is no option to shutdown or reboot the computer from within the graphical environment. Both fvwm and the login screen lack these options. We can switch to a terminal and sign in as the root user to reboot from the command line.
Hardware
OpenBSD is unusually lean. The operating system consumes about 1.5GB of disk space, which is quite small compared to mainstream Linux distributions. The operating system uses about 70MB of RAM when logged into the text console and 83MB when signed into the window manager. It can be made even lighter if we're willing to disable the X display software entirely.
When I started exploring OpenBSD in a VirtualBox environment the operating system mostly performed well. It booted fairly quickly, it was stable, and it was able to automatically connect to my network. The one downside was I could not get OpenBSD to make use of higher screen resolutions. I experimented with a few video drivers, and some of them improved video output from 800x600 pixels, but none of them could make full use of my display size of 1680x1050 pixels with the default settings. I ended up manually tweaking the X display configuration to set higher, custom resolutions when running the operating system inside VirtualBox.
When running on my workstation's hardware, OpenBSD performed about the same. The system was light and responsive. My one serious issue was that OpenBSD didn't recognize my computer's wireless networking card. Wired connections worked out of the box, but wi-fi did not. I also found text output on the console was a bit misaligned. The left-most character of each line was displayed off the edge of the screen until my monitor settings were adjusted. I haven't encountered this issue with any other operating system to date on this equipment.
Another issue I ran into was I could install media players and play media files, including videos. However, OpenBSD didn't produce any audio. I installed a sound mixer and confirmed it detected the audio output of the application, but I didn't get any audio from the player. I ran into the same problem when trying to watch videos in Firefox - videos would play, but no sound output reached my speakers. I checked my sound settings using sndioctl as per the documentation and everything appeared in order, yet my system remained mute.
OpenBSD 7.2 -- Browsing the web with Firefox
(full image size: 297kB, resolution: 1600x1200 pixels)
Software management
OpenBSD logically splits its software into two distinct areas. The OpenBSD operating system is one cohesive unit, made by a unified team. Its kernel and utilities are treated, in a way, as an atomic unit. Security updates and other fixes to the core operating system (and its documentation) can be handled using a tool called syspatch. Running the syspatch utility with the "-c" flag, as in "syspatch -c", will check for any available updates to OpenBSD and list them on the command line. Running "syspatch" without any argument will install these waiting updates. I tested this, discovered four updates were waiting for me, and they were applied without any issues.
Third-party software, applications and utilities which are not part of the base operating system, are handled with a separate set of tools. Third-party software, sometimes referred to as ports, can be queried by running a tool called pkg_info and downloaded using a tool called pkg_add. In order to find a package we want we could run a command like "pkg_info -Q firefox" or "pkg_info -Q rsync" in order to find relevant matches. We can then install these matches using pkg_add, for instance: "pkg_add rsync". We can later upgrade these third-party applications using pkg_add with the "-u" flag: "pkg_add -u".
These tools for finding and installing ports are terse in their output and the syntax may be a bit unusual for people coming from most Linux distributions. However, they worked quickly and without problems during my trial.
Managing services
I could say the same thing about managing services on OpenBSD. The syntax and tools provided are terse and a little alien for people coming from a Linux background, but they work and are well documented. Service management is mostly handled by the rcctl command line program. Some simple commands to remember are "rcctl ls" to list available services, "rcctl start" to start a service, and "rcctl stop" to stop a service. A complete list of options is laid out in the rcctl manual page.
This seems like a good time to point out that OpenBSD is still, in many ways (perhaps most ways) still a command line and text file oriented operating system. Almost all configuration changes, package management, firewall setup, and user account management tasks are expected to be done at the command line level. Often we're running short, sometimes cryptic, commands or editing simple text files. You won't find much in the way of graphical tools or even menu-drive text tools on OpenBSD. The operating system is meant to be technically simple which gives it a light, clean approach, but does mean more of a learning curve for potential users.
Desktop environments
The OpenBSD documentation doesn't talk much about graphical environments or the steps required to set up a full featured desktop environment. If you're new to the process, a lot of the third-party guides for setting up a desktop environment on OpenBSD are out of date and refer to older desktops such as KDE4 and GNOME 2. However, there are guides out there, including a well written one for multiple versions of OpenBSD. It'll walk readers through setting up the Xfce desktop, though similar steps can be used to install other desktop environments.
OpenBSD 7.2 -- Running the Xfce desktop
(full image size: 146kB, resolution: 1600x1200 pixels)
In short, we end up running the command "pkg_add xfce xfce-extras" and letting the package manager sort out the dependencies for us. Then we add a line to the ~/.Xsession file which will start the Xfce desktop, or another desktop we have installed. Should we wish to be able to shutdown the computer from within the desktop environment we should also add our user account to the operator group.
This will give us a bare bones desktop environment with just a panel, dock, and application menu. Adjusting the appearance, resolution, and wallpaper will be up to us to sort through. New applications we install will be added to the desktop's application menu - this happened automatically, in my experiment with Xfce.
Other observations
While on most Linux distributions people use sudo to perform administrative commands, OpenBSD offers different avenues. We can either log into the root account directly or run the doas command. The doas program works almost identically to sudo, but doas is smaller and uses a clearer configuration syntax in an attempt to reduce possible errors.
One of the few features I would have enjoyed seeing on OpenBSD, but didn't see (and probably won't see in the future), is support for ZFS. The advanced filesystem is supported almost everywhere, to some degree, these days but there are a number of reasons it isn't available on OpenBSD, even as a port.
Conclusions
When evaluating an operating system I think there are two different, key viewpoints to consider: Does the project meets its stated goals? And does the project fit my needs?
The OpenBSD project lists several goals on its website, though most of these are more "behind in the scenes" in nature. There are items on the list which talk about making source code available, which licenses to use, standards to be followed, and avoiding politics. All which are perfectly valid, but tell us little about the sort of operating system the project aims to produce. There are a few more practical goals such as "Try to be the #1 most secure operating system," "Support as many different systems and hardware as feasible," and "Make a release approximately every six months." Basically, OpenBSD is trying to make a highly portable, secure operating system, with new versions twice a year.
Since OpenBSD regularly puts on new releases on schedule, has a well deserved reputation for a default secure installation, provides unusually correct documentation, and runs on over a dozen CPU architectures I'd say the project is achieving its own goals remarkably well.
When it comes to looking at OpenBSD as an outsider the experience is perceived through a different lens. OpenBSD is an unusually niche operating system with a specific focus on code and documentation correctness. It is highly minimal, it is highly terse, it is highly portable. It does not hold the user's hand, it doesn't provide much in the way of default services, it has virtually no point-n-click components. The operating system is meant to be lean, out of the way, and modified using a combination of command line knowledge and text files. It's an operating system probably best associated with firewalls, routers, specific-purpose network servers, and professionals.
This is not a platform for beginners, or casual desktop users. If you want a desktop you better learn how to install it yourself. If you want to set up a printer, the same applies. If you want to enable a web server with PHP support, you'll probably want to read a manual or two. This is a platform created by security professionals, mostly for security professionals (or at least people who want security to be the primary focus of their platform). There isn't anything wrong with this, in fact OpenBSD has given birth to technologies many of us use daily, but potential users need to know they're walking into an environment that is minimal, without frills to the point of being sterile. OpenBSD is stable, secure, and will expect you to do almost all of the work.
* * * * *
Hardware used in this review
My physical test equipment for this review was a Lenovo desktop with the following specifications:
- Processor: Hex-core Intel i5-10400 CPU @ 2.90GHz
- Storage: Western Digital 1TB hard drive
- Memory: 8GB of RAM
- Networking: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 wired network card, Realtek RTL8822CE 802.11ac PCIe wireless adapter
- Display: Intel CometLake-S GT2
* * * * *
Visitor supplied rating
OpenBSD has a visitor supplied average rating of: 8.5/10 from 35 review(s).
Have you used OpenBSD? You can leave your own review of the project on our ratings page.
|
| Miscellaneous News (by Jesse Smith) |
Fedora 35 reaches end of life, Asahi Linux enables hardware acceleration on Apple's ARM machines, Manjaro disables proprietary codecs in Mesa
Tomas Hrcka has published a reminder that Fedora 35 will be reaching the end of its supported life this week. People still running Fedora 35 are advised to upgrade. "Fedora 35 will go end of life for updates and support on 2022-12-13. No further updates, including security updates, will be available for Fedora 35 after the said date. All the updates of Fedora N being pushed to stable will be stopped as well. Fedora 36 will continue to receive updates until approximately one month after the release of Fedora 37."
* * * * *
The Asahi Linux project seeks to run GNU/Linux software on Apple's ARM-powered hardware. While the project has faced many challenges, one of the most visual hurdles has been proper video card support. The Asahi team has made great progress in this regard, enabling hardware acceleration. This allows users to run modern desktop environments smoothly and play 3-D games. "We're excited to announce our first public Apple Silicon GPU driver release! We've been working hard over the past two years to bring this new driver to everyone, and we're really proud to finally be here. This is still an alpha driver, but it's already good enough to run a smooth desktop experience and some games. Read on to find out more about the state of things today, how to install it (it's an opt-in package), and how to report bugs! This release features work-in-progress OpenGL 2.1 and OpenGL ES 2.0 support for all current Apple M-series systems. That's enough for hardware acceleration with desktop environments, like GNOME and KDE. It's also enough for older 3D games, like Quake3 and Neverball. While there's always room for improvement, the driver is fast enough to run all of the above at 60 frames per second at 4K." Additional details are provided in the project's announcement.
* * * * *
Following the examples of Fedora and openSUSE, the Manjaro Linux team have decided to disable proprietary codecs in the Mesa package. This change disables hardware acceleration for some video codecs on some video cards. "Mesa is now at 22.2.4. [It] includes a notable change which disables hardware acceleration for proprietary video codecs (most commonly H.264 and H.265) when using the Mesa drivers stack. Open video codecs (VP8, VP9, AV1 - based on your hardware capabilities) are unaffected and can still be hardware-accelerated out of the box. This change mainly affects AMD graphics cards. (Intel GPUs don't use Mesa for video acceleration, NVIDIA cards use the proprietary driver, and Mesa video acceleration mostly doesn't work properly with the open source Nouveau driver). You can read more about hardware video acceleration here and about that topic in general here."
* * * * *
These and other news stories can be found on our Headlines page.
|
| Questions and Answers (by Jesse Smith) |
Install Linux without a user account
Sending-this-one-away asks: I'm soon going to be selling a computer and the new owners asked if I could install Ubuntu on it. Can I do that without creating a user account so it's a fresh install for them?
DistroWatch answers: I believe what you're looking for is called an OEM Install. Ubuntu, and some related distributions, display a boot menu entry when launched from live media which includes the option: "OEM Install (for manufacturers)".
Selecting the OEM Install option will walk you through the usual install process, except you won't be asked to create a username or password. These steps will be held in reserve until the first time the newly installed operating system boots.
The Linux Mint distribution also offers an OEM Install option. The Pop!_OS distribution treats all new installs like OEM installs, saving user account creation until one of the final steps of the setup process the first time the operating system boots.
* * * * *
Additional answers can be found in our Questions and Answers archive.
|
| Released Last Week |
FreeBSD 12.4
Glen Barber has announced the release of FreeBSD 12.4, the fourth update to the project's legacy 12.x branch: "The FreeBSD Release Engineering team is pleased to announce the availability of FreeBSD 12.4-RELEASE. This is the fifth release of the stable/12 branch. Some of the highlights: the ena(4) kernel driver has been updated to 2.6.1; the if_epair(4) driver now allows multiple cores to be used to process traffic to improve performance; the unbound(8) utility has been updated to version 1.16.3; the telnetd(8) daemon has been deprecated; the tcpdump(1) utility now allow users to set a number on rules which will be exposed as part of the pflog header; OpenSSL has been updated to 1.1.1q; OpenSSH has been updated to 9.1p1; the LLVM toolchain suite has been updated to version 13.0.0; the dma(8) utility has been updated to snapshot 2022-01-27; the file(1) utility has been updated to version 5.43. FreeBSD 12.4-RELEASE is now available for the amd64, i386, powerpc, powerpc64, powerpc64le, powerpcspe, armv6, armv7, aarch64, and riscv64 architectures." See the release announcement and the release notes for further information.
Kali Linux 2022.4
Kali Linux is a Debian-based distribution with a collection of security and forensics tools. The Kali team have released Kali Linux 2022.4 which officially brings the distribution to the PinePhone along with several new utilities: "It would not be a Kali release if there were not any new tools added! A quick run down of what has been added (to the network repositories): bloodhound.py - A Python based ingestor for BloodHound; certipy - Tool for Active Directory Certificate Services enumeration and abuse; hak5-wifi-coconut - A user-space driver for USB Wi-Fi NICs and the Hak5 Wi-Fi Coconut; ldapdomaindump - Active Directory information dumper via LDAP; peass-ng - Privilege escalation tools for Windows and Linux/Unix* and macOS; rizin-cutter - reverse engineering platform powered by rizin. This is new tools, there are numerous updates to existing tools." Additional information and screenshots can be found in the project's release announcement.
Kali Linux 2022.4 -- Exploring the Kali menu application for tools
(full image size: 625kB, 1920x1080 pixels)
deepin 20.8
The deepin project has published a new update to the distribution's 20.x series. The new version, 20.8 introduces a number of key package updates and includes a new application called Deepin Home. "In deepin 20.8, a new application Deepin Home is added, which breaks the 'information barrier' between the deepin team and users, and will work on product quality, software and hardware ecology to better serve deepin users. What is more, we have upgraded Qt to version 5.15.6, updated the DTK development library, fixed the underlying vulnerabilities, and further improved system compatibility and security. Besides that, we have developed and integrated a great number of practical functions based on the community users' feedback. Welcome to try it! The new self-developed information-aggregation application Deepin Home, in V1.0.0, has gathered important information platforms, such as GitHub, Wiki, forum, and social media, which supports deepin ID login and sending messages. Here you can receive community news in real-time, interact and communicate with others, participate in questionnaires, etc. In the future, we will establish a perfect tracking system for requirements and bugs, and special feedback channels for software and hardware to make it better for community users." The release announcement offers further details.
Puppy Linux 22.12
The developers of Puppy Linux, a lightweight distribution which can be assembled to be compatible with a variety of parent distributions, have published a Slackware-based version of Puppy. The new version is compatible with the Slackware 15.0 and Salix software repositories. The project's release announcement shares key details: "S15Pup is built from Slackware-15.0 binary TXZ packages, hence has binary compatibility with Slackware and access to the Slackware and Salix repositories. It is available in both 64-bit and 32-bit versions. Features include: Traditional Puppy Linux look and feel and features. Kernels from the LTS branches of 5 series - 5.15 for 64-bit, 5.10 for 32-bit. Abiword and Gnumeric word processing and spreadsheet. FFmpeg and supporting programs including Pmusic and MPlayer. Joe's Window Manager 2.4.3 (JWM). LXDE addon by ydrv. Lightweight web browser in adrv. Browser installer for heavyweight browsers such as Chromium, Firefox and Palemoon. Samba, used to share files with Windows included. Evince PDF viewer."
* * * * *
Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
|
| Torrent Corner |
Weekly Torrents
The table below provides a list of torrents DistroWatch is currently seeding. If you do not have a bittorrent client capable of handling the linked files, we suggest installing either the Transmission or KTorrent bittorrent clients.
Archives of our previously seeded torrents may be found in our Torrent Archive. We also maintain a Torrents RSS feed for people who wish to have open source torrents delivered to them. To share your own open source torrents of Linux and BSD projects, please visit our Upload Torrents page.
Torrent Corner statistics:
- Total torrents seeded: 2,802
- Total data uploaded: 42.7TB
|
| Upcoming Releases and Announcements |
|
Summary of expected upcoming releases
|
| Opinion Poll (by Jesse Smith) |
Does your distribution offer an OEM install option?
In this week's Questions and Answers column we talked about Linux distributions which can be installed without setting up a user account. This approach of installing an operating system without a default user account is referred to as an OEM install. Does your distribution include an OEM install option? Let us know which distributions you know of which offer OEM installs in the comments.
You can see the results of our previous poll on removing special characters from filenames in last week's edition. All previous poll results can be found in our poll archives.
|
Does your distro offer an OEM install?
| Yes: | 290 (29%) |
| No: | 317 (32%) |
| Some distros I use do but not all: | 180 (18%) |
| Unsure: | 219 (22%) |
|
|
| Website News |
New distributions added to database
risiOS
risiOS is a Fedora-based Linux distribution which runs the GNOME desktop environment and includes a number of graphical setup and tweak tools to help initialize and customize the desktop experience. risiOS includes wizards for adding media codecs, Flathub repositories, and popular open source desktop applications.
risiOS 37 -- Running the GNOME desktop
(full image size: 365kB, resolution: 1920x1080 pixels)
* * * * *
New distributions added to waiting list
- Vanilla OS. Vanilla OS is an Ubuntu-based distribution with an immutable root filesystem, intended to lock down unwanted changes and problems due to updates.
* * * * *
DistroWatch database summary
* * * * *
This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 19 December 2022. Past articles and reviews can be found through our Weekly Archive and Article Search pages. To contact the authors please send e-mail to:
- Jesse Smith (feedback, questions and suggestions: distribution reviews/submissions, questions and answers, tips and tricks)
- Ladislav Bodnar (feedback, questions, donations, comments)
|
|
| Tip Jar |
If you've enjoyed this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly, please consider sending us a tip.
(Tips this week: 1, value: US$10) |
|
|
|
 bc1qxes3k2wq3uqzr074tkwwjmwfe63z70gwzfu4lx  lnurl1dp68gurn8ghj7ampd3kx2ar0veekzar0wd5xjtnrdakj7tnhv4kxctttdehhwm30d3h82unvwqhhxarpw3jkc7tzw4ex6cfexyfua2nr  86fA3qPTeQtNb2k1vLwEQaAp3XxkvvvXt69gSG5LGunXXikK9koPWZaRQgfFPBPWhMgXjPjccy9LA9xRFchPWQAnPvxh5Le paypal.me/distrowatchweekly • patreon.com/distrowatch |
|
| Extended Lifecycle Support by TuxCare |
|
|
|
| TUXEDO |
TUXEDO Computers - Linux Hardware in a tailor made suite
Choose from a wide range of laptops and PCs in various sizes and shapes at TUXEDOComputers.com. Every machine comes pre-installed and ready-to-run with Linux. Full 24 months of warranty and lifetime support included!
Learn more about our full service package and all benefits from buying at TUXEDO.
|
| Archives |
| • Issue 1099 (2024-12-02): AnduinOS 1.0.1, measuring RAM usage, SUSE continues rebranding efforts, UBports prepares for next major version, Murena offering non-NFC phone |
| • Issue 1098 (2024-11-25): Linux Lite 7.2, backing up specific folders, Murena and Fairphone partner in fair trade deal, Arch installer gets new text interface, Ubuntu security tool patched |
| • Issue 1097 (2024-11-18): Chimera Linux vs Chimera OS, choosing between AlmaLinux and Debian, Fedora elevates KDE spin to an edition, Fedora previews new installer, KDE testing its own distro, Qubes-style isolation coming to FreeBSD |
| • Issue 1096 (2024-11-11): Bazzite 40, Playtron OS Alpha 1, Tucana Linux 3.1, detecting Screen sessions, Redox imports COSMIC software centre, FreeBSD booting on the PinePhone Pro, LXQt supports Wayland window managers |
| • Issue 1095 (2024-11-04): Fedora 41 Kinoite, transferring applications between computers, openSUSE Tumbleweed receives multiple upgrades, Ubuntu testing compiler optimizations, Mint partners with Framework |
| • Issue 1094 (2024-10-28): DebLight OS 1, backing up crontab, AlmaLinux introduces Litten branch, openSUSE unveils refreshed look, Ubuntu turns 20
| | • Issue 1093 (2024-10-21): Kubuntu 24.10, atomic vs immutable distributions, Debian upgrading Perl packages, UBports adding VoLTE support, Android to gain native GNU/Linux application support |
| • Issue 1092 (2024-10-14): FunOS 24.04.1, a home directory inside a file, work starts of openSUSE Leap 16.0, improvements in Haiku, KDE neon upgrades its base |
| • Issue 1091 (2024-10-07): Redox OS 0.9.0, Unified package management vs universal package formats, Redox begins RISC-V port, Mint polishes interface, Qubes certifies new laptop |
| • Issue 1090 (2024-09-30): Rhino Linux 2024.2, commercial distros with alternative desktops, Valve seeks to improve Wayland performance, HardenedBSD parterns with Protectli, Tails merges with Tor Project, Quantum Leap partners with the FreeBSD Foundation |
| • Issue 1089 (2024-09-23): Expirion 6.0, openKylin 2.0, managing configuration files, the future of Linux development, fixing bugs in Haiku, Slackware packages dracut |
| • Issue 1088 (2024-09-16): PorteuX 1.6, migrating from Windows 10 to which Linux distro, making NetBSD immutable, AlmaLinux offers hardware certification, Mint updates old APT tools |
| • Issue 1087 (2024-09-09): COSMIC desktop, running cron jobs at variable times, UBports highlights new apps, HardenedBSD offers work around for FreeBSD change, Debian considers how to cull old packages, systemd ported to musl |
| • Issue 1086 (2024-09-02): Vanilla OS 2, command line tips for simple tasks, FreeBSD receives investment from STF, openSUSE Tumbleweed update can break network connections, Debian refreshes media |
| • Issue 1085 (2024-08-26): Nobara 40, OpenMandriva 24.07 "ROME", distros which include source code, FreeBSD publishes quarterly report, Microsoft updates breaks Linux in dual-boot environments |
| • Issue 1084 (2024-08-19): Liya 2.0, dual boot with encryption, Haiku introduces performance improvements, Gentoo dropping IA-64, Redcore merges major upgrade |
| • Issue 1083 (2024-08-12): TrueNAS 24.04.2 "SCALE", Linux distros for smartphones, Redox OS introduces web server, PipeWire exposes battery drain on Linux, Canonical updates kernel version policy |
| • Issue 1082 (2024-08-05): Linux Mint 22, taking snapshots of UFS on FreeBSD, openSUSE updates Tumbleweed and Aeon, Debian creates Tiny QA Tasks, Manjaro testing immutable images |
| • Issue 1081 (2024-07-29): SysLinuxOS 12.4, OpenBSD gain hardware acceleration, Slackware changes kernel naming, Mint publishes upgrade instructions |
| • Issue 1080 (2024-07-22): Running GNU/Linux on Android with Andronix, protecting network services, Solus dropping AppArmor and Snap, openSUSE Aeon Desktop gaining full disk encryption, SUSE asks openSUSE to change its branding |
| • Issue 1079 (2024-07-15): Ubuntu Core 24, hiding files on Linux, Fedora dropping X11 packages on Workstation, Red Hat phasing out GRUB, new OpenSSH vulnerability, FreeBSD speeds up release cycle, UBports testing new first-run wizard |
| • Issue 1078 (2024-07-08): Changing init software, server machines running desktop environments, OpenSSH vulnerability patched, Peppermint launches new edition, HardenedBSD updates ports |
| • Issue 1077 (2024-07-01): The Unity and Lomiri interfaces, different distros for different tasks, Ubuntu plans to run Wayland on NVIDIA cards, openSUSE updates Leap Micro, Debian releases refreshed media, UBports gaining contact synchronisation, FreeDOS celebrates its 30th anniversary |
| • Issue 1076 (2024-06-24): openSUSE 15.6, what makes Linux unique, SUSE Liberty Linux to support CentOS Linux 7, SLE receives 19 years of support, openSUSE testing Leap Micro edition |
| • Issue 1075 (2024-06-17): Redox OS, X11 and Wayland on the BSDs, AlmaLinux releases Pi build, Canonical announces RISC-V laptop with Ubuntu, key changes in systemd |
| • Issue 1074 (2024-06-10): Endless OS 6.0.0, distros with init diversity, Mint to filter unverified Flatpaks, Debian adds systemd-boot options, Redox adopts COSMIC desktop, OpenSSH gains new security features |
| • Issue 1073 (2024-06-03): LXQt 2.0.0, an overview of Linux desktop environments, Canonical partners with Milk-V, openSUSE introduces new features in Aeon Desktop, Fedora mirrors see rise in traffic, Wayland adds OpenBSD support |
| • Issue 1072 (2024-05-27): Manjaro 24.0, comparing init software, OpenBSD ports Plasma 6, Arch community debates mirror requirements, ThinOS to upgrade its FreeBSD core |
| • Issue 1071 (2024-05-20): Archcraft 2024.04.06, common command line mistakes, ReactOS imports WINE improvements, Haiku makes adjusting themes easier, NetBSD takes a stand against code generated by chatbots |
| • Issue 1070 (2024-05-13): Damn Small Linux 2024, hiding kernel messages during boot, Red Hat offers AI edition, new web browser for UBports, Fedora Asahi Remix 40 released, Qubes extends support for version 4.1 |
| • Issue 1069 (2024-05-06): Ubuntu 24.04, installing packages in alternative locations, systemd creates sudo alternative, Mint encourages XApps collaboration, FreeBSD publishes quarterly update |
| • Issue 1068 (2024-04-29): Fedora 40, transforming one distro into another, Debian elects new Project Leader, Red Hat extends support cycle, Emmabuntus adds accessibility features, Canonical's new security features |
| • Issue 1067 (2024-04-22): LocalSend for transferring files, detecting supported CPU architecure levels, new visual design for APT, Fedora and openSUSE working on reproducible builds, LXQt released, AlmaLinux re-adds hardware support |
| • Issue 1066 (2024-04-15): Fun projects to do with the Raspberry Pi and PinePhone, installing new software on fixed-release distributions, improving GNOME Terminal performance, Mint testing new repository mirrors, Gentoo becomes a Software In the Public Interest project |
| • Issue 1065 (2024-04-08): Dr.Parted Live 24.03, answering questions about the xz exploit, Linux Mint to ship HWE kernel, AlmaLinux patches flaw ahead of upstream Red Hat, Calculate changes release model |
| • Issue 1064 (2024-04-01): NixOS 23.11, the status of Hurd, liblzma compromised upstream, FreeBSD Foundation focuses on improving wireless networking, Ubuntu Pro offers 12 years of support |
| • Issue 1063 (2024-03-25): Redcore Linux 2401, how slowly can a rolling release update, Debian starts new Project Leader election, Red Hat creating new NVIDIA driver, Snap store hit with more malware |
| • Issue 1062 (2024-03-18): KDE neon 20240304, changing file permissions, Canonical turns 20, Pop!_OS creates new software centre, openSUSE packages Plasma 6 |
| • Issue 1061 (2024-03-11): Using a PinePhone as a workstation, restarting background services on a schedule, NixBSD ports Nix to FreeBSD, Fedora packaging COSMIC, postmarketOS to adopt systemd, Linux Mint replacing HexChat |
| • Issue 1060 (2024-03-04): AV Linux MX-23.1, bootstrapping a network connection, key OpenBSD features, Qubes certifies new hardware, LXQt and Plasma migrate to Qt 6 |
| • Issue 1059 (2024-02-26): Warp Terminal, navigating manual pages, malware found in the Snap store, Red Hat considering CPU requirement update, UBports organizes ongoing work |
| • Issue 1058 (2024-02-19): Drauger OS 7.6, how much disk space to allocate, System76 prepares to launch COSMIC desktop, UBports changes its version scheme, TrueNAS to offer faster deduplication |
| • Issue 1057 (2024-02-12): Adelie Linux 1.0 Beta, rolling release vs fixed for a smoother experience, Debian working on 2038 bug, elementary OS to split applications from base system updates, Fedora announces Atomic Desktops |
| • Issue 1056 (2024-02-05): wattOS R13, the various write speeds of ISO writing tools, DSL returns, Mint faces Wayland challenges, HardenedBSD blocks foreign USB devices, Gentoo publishes new repository, Linux distros patch glibc flaw |
| • Issue 1055 (2024-01-29): CNIX OS 231204, distributions patching packages the most, Gentoo team presents ongoing work, UBports introduces connectivity and battery improvements, interview with Haiku developer |
| • Issue 1054 (2024-01-22): Solus 4.5, comparing dd and cp when writing ISO files, openSUSE plans new major Leap version, XeroLinux shutting down, HardenedBSD changes its build schedule |
| • Issue 1053 (2024-01-15): Linux AI voice assistants, some distributions running hotter than others, UBports talks about coming changes, Qubes certifies StarBook laptops, Asahi Linux improves energy savings |
| • Issue 1052 (2024-01-08): OpenMandriva Lx 5.0, keeping shell commands running when theterminal closes, Mint upgrades Edge kernel, Vanilla OS plans big changes, Canonical working to make Snap more cross-platform |
| • Issue 1051 (2024-01-01): Favourite distros of 2023, reloading shell settings, Asahi Linux releases Fedora remix, Gentoo offers binary packages, openSUSE provides full disk encryption |
| • Issue 1050 (2023-12-18): rlxos 2023.11, renaming files and opening terminal windows in specific directories, TrueNAS publishes ZFS fixes, Debian publishes delayed install media, Haiku polishes desktop experience |
| • Issue 1049 (2023-12-11): Lernstick 12, alternatives to WINE, openSUSE updates its branding, Mint unveils new features, Lubuntu team plans for 24.04 |
| • Issue 1048 (2023-12-04): openSUSE MicroOS, the transition from X11 to Wayland, Red Hat phasing out X11 packages, UBports making mobile development easier |
| • Issue 1047 (2023-11-27): GhostBSD 23.10.1, Why Linux uses swap when memory is free, Ubuntu Budgie may benefit from Wayland work in Xfce, early issues with FreeBSD 14.0 |
| • Issue 1046 (2023-11-20): Slackel 7.7 "Openbox", restricting CPU usage, Haiku improves font handling and software centre performance, Canonical launches MicroCloud |
| • Issue 1045 (2023-11-13): Fedora 39, how to trust software packages, ReactOS booting with UEFI, elementary OS plans to default to Wayland, Mir gaining ability to split work across video cards |
| • Full list of all issues |
| Star Labs |
Star Labs - Laptops built for Linux.
View our range including the highly anticipated StarFighter. Available with coreboot open-source firmware and a choice of Ubuntu, elementary, Manjaro and more. Visit Star Labs for information, to buy and get support.
|
| Random Distribution | 
LinEx
LinEx was a Linux distribution developed by the Extremadura Regional Government in Spain and CENATIC, the Spanish National Competence Centre for the Application of Open-Source Technologies. LinEx was based on Debian GNU/Linux, a distribution that, thanks to its design, makes it easy to create other distributions that can inherit its advantages and get rid of some of its disadvantages (for example, the difficulty of setup and configuration). By using a modified Debian distribution, the Extremadura Regional Government has benefited from the fact that there was a large amount of varied software for it.
Status: Discontinued
|
| Tips, Tricks, Q&As | | Questions and answers: Migrating from Windows 10 to Linux |
| Questions and answers: Office suites |
| Tips and tricks: A safer way to use dd |
| Tips and tricks: Find common words in text, find high memory processs, cd short-cuts, pushd & popd, record desktop |
| Tips and tricks: Shell switching, battery charge, getting the system's IP address and dealing with stubborn processes |
| Myths and misunderstandings: The spread of systemd and launchd |
| Questions and answers: Notifications of news and new versions |
| Tips and tricks: Command line weather, ionice, rename files, video preview snapshot, calednar, ls colour settings |
| Tips and tricks: Improved package stability coming to FreeBSD/PC-BSD |
| Questions and answers: Separate /home partition and dual booting performance |
| More Tips & Tricks and Questions & Answers |
| TUXEDO |
TUXEDO Computers - Linux Hardware in a tailor made suite
Choose from a wide range of laptops and PCs in various sizes and shapes at TUXEDOComputers.com. Every machine comes pre-installed and ready-to-run with Linux. Full 24 months of warranty and lifetime support included!
Learn more about our full service package and all benefits from buying at TUXEDO.
|
| Star Labs |
Star Labs - Laptops built for Linux.
View our range including the highly anticipated StarFighter. Available with coreboot open-source firmware and a choice of Ubuntu, elementary, Manjaro and more. Visit Star Labs for information, to buy and get support.
|
|
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
