 DistroWatch Weekly |
| DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 958, 7 March 2022 |
Welcome to this year's 10th issue of DistroWatch Weekly!
There are lots of reasons to build your own Linux distribution. Some projects strive for license purity, others for performance, and some for a multitude of features. Then there are projects which aim to present a certain look, whether it is unique or a copy of another operating system. This week we begin with a look at XeroLinux, a project which strives to offer lots of eye candy on top of an Arch Linux base. Are you interested in developing your own operating system? In our News section we link to a tutorial on building your own kernel from scratch. We also share new package technology which is intended to make portable, minimal application bundles which can be transferred across multiple distributions. Plus we report on FreeBSD 12.2 approaching the end of its supported life while Mint gears up for Cinnamon desktop upgrades. Then we talk about reverting changes to upgraded packages in our Questions and Answers column. There are a number of ways to undo package changes, using either the package manager itself or filesystem snapshots. Does your package manager provide a way to rollback package updates? Let us know in this week's Opinion Poll. Plus we are pleased to share the releases of the past week and list the torrents we are seeding. We wish you all a terrific week and happy reading!
Content:
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| Feature Story (by Jesse Smith) |
XeroLinux in 2022
XeroLinux is a distribution based on Arch Linux with a focus on eye candy. The distribution is available in three editions: Main (which runs the KDE Plasma desktop), GNOME, and Xfce. Each edition is available for 64-bit (x86_64) machines exclusively.
I couldn't find a whole lot of other useful information about XeroLinux from its website or forum, other than it uses the Calamares system installer, requires a network connection during the install process, and the project appears to be the work of a single developer who is not interested in fielding support requests from Wayland users: "I have finally added KDE Wayland Session to ISO, enabling you to use it. But it's not all roses, yet. Especially if you are an NVIDIA owner like I am. Yes, if you are, then you are either out of luck, since NVIDIA did not yet bake the required modules into the driver yet, so you will have to do some tinkering to get it to work. If you do not feel comfortable or confident enough to do it then just use Xorg (X11) to log in and skip Wayland for now... Kindly note, that I will not be providing support in that area since, I am not yet confident in using it."
The latest version appears to have been released on January 3rd of 2022, though the project doesn't offer any version information attached to its ISO files. I downloaded the Main/KDE edition which is 2.7GB in size.
Live session
The live session boots to the KDE Plasma desktop and opens a welcome window. This window features six buttons which are apparently intended to launch the system installer, apply various display resolution fixes, and fetch package updates. There is also a button for launching the GNOME Disk partition manager. Speaking of GNOME, I found it interesting, and a little odd, that the Main/KDE edition of XeroLinux uses GNOME Disks instead of the KDE Partition Manager and its welcome window uses the GNOME foot icon, making it feel like we downloaded the wrong edition.
XeroLinux 2022 -- The live desktop session
(full image size: 120kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
When I started exploring the mostly empty desktop environment this sense of mixed environments grew. The desktop uses a plain, black background and its only feature is a panel across the bottom of the screen. This panel holds a few launchers for the Konsole virtual terminal, the Vivaldi web browser, a software manager (Pamac in this instance), and the KDE System Settings panel. It also holds launchers for two file managers, the KDE Dolphin application and the Thunar Xfce file manager. Right-clicking on the desktop doesn't do anything and there is no application menu. It's an unusually bare, customized version of the KDE Plasma desktop.
Installing
Running the Calamares system installer from the welcome window first gives us a chance to select our preferred language. We are then asked to select which core packages we want. These include picking which type of kernel (latest or long-term support) we want, whether we want Intel or AMD video drivers, whether we want fingerprint scanner support, printing drivers, and whether we prefer PipeWire or PulseAudio for audio support. We're given the option of installing the LightDM login manager, but are cautioned it's only for hybrid Intel/NVIDIA laptops with no further explanation.
The next Calamares screen goes further into package customization with a lot of categories. Unfortunately these categories can be quite vague. For instance, one is just called "Android & iOS Tools" and its description says "Adds support for Android & iOS". This doesn't really tell us anything. Does the package install development tools, utilities for transferring files, or Anbox to run Android applications? It's all left entirely to the imagination. Many of the categories have sub-categories so it can take a few minutes to get through them all. While the categories have short descriptions, the individual packages are shown with their name only. This means the user needs to know or recognized the name of the specific packages they wish to install. One other thing I found odd about this screen is there are items missing which feel like they should be included. For instance, I thought Konsole would be listed as a virtual terminal option, but it isn't. Likewise Pamac isn't one of the available software front-ends. Maybe they are skipped because they're on the live disc already, but it would be nice to get some clarity on this subject on the package selection screen as it's not clear if the software selection offered will be installed alongside the packages on the live media or instead of the packages on the live media.
The installer continues, asking us to select our time zone and keyboard layout. We are then given the chance to choose guided or manual partitioning. I like the Calamares manual partitioning manager. I also like that it gives us some good options when it comes to the guided method. We can pick a swap file, a swap partition, or no swap at all. We can also pick which filesystem to use with three options: ext4, Btrfs, and XFS. The last screen asks us to make up a username and password.
The installer finishes and I returned to live desktop. I noticed there does not appear to be any way to shutdown or restart the computer from the desktop. We can open a terminal and run "sudo poweroff" to shutdown from the live desktop.
Early impressions
My fresh copy of XeroLinux brought up a graphical login screen when it booted. We can choose between Plasma on X11 and Plasma on Wayland sessions. Despite the warnings about Wayland in the project's release announcement, Wayland is the default session.
Once I signed in I found the look of the Plasma session had changed. The same dock floated at the bottom of the screen, but in the installed session there was a new transparent panel at the top of the display. This panel holds the application menu, a CPU monitor, a clock, and the system tray.
XeroLinux 2022 -- The Plasma application menu
(full image size: 1.4MB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
A welcome window greets us again, though this one has different options than the live session's greeter. This one offers to install or check for NVIDIA drivers, configure Samba, and install virtual machine tools. There are some vague options too. One offers to "Disable Autostart", one is simply called "Extra Packages", and one has the intriguing name "Snapper vs Timeshift".
The Configure Samba option opens a virtual terminal, downloads the Samba software, and then prompts us to make up a username and password for network shares. Then the terminal closes. This does not actually share our folders. To share a folder over the network we need to add ourselves to the sambashare group, then logout, then sign in again and select which folders we want to share using the Dolphin file manager. In Dolphin we can right-click on a folder to enabling sharing it.
XeroLinux 2022 -- Setting up network shares
(full image size: 828kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
The Extra Packages option in the welcome window offers to install some extras, including an alternative kernel, the Edge web browser, and a package referred to as "Better Discord".
The Snapper vs Timeshift button opens a terminal and offers to download and configure one snapshot manager or the other. I opted to install Timeshift which caused some packages to download and then my system immediately rebooted without warning. When my system came back online I was able to run Timeshift and create snapshots with it, so this seems to work despite the surprising restart.
XeroLinux 2022 -- Setting up Timeshift
(full image size: 976kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
The Disable Autostart button seems to simply cause the welcome window to not appear the next time we login.
Hardware
I started my trial with XeroLinux by running it in a VirtualBox environment. The system ran fairly well, giving average performance. Xero was stable and the Plasma desktop offered average performance, about on par with other distributions running MATE or KDE Plasma.
When I switched over to running the distribution on my workstation, the experience was much the same. My hardware all worked out of the box, desktop performance was average, and I encountered no issues with the hardware.
XeroLinux consumes about 660MB of RAM when logged into the KDE Plasma desktop. This is a little higher than what I have experienced with most other distributions, but within a normal range. Despite installing very few optional components through Calamares, Xero took up a massive 13GB of disk space, about double what other mainstream distributions use. The application menu is packed with utilities and components, which brings me to...
Included software
It's difficult to give a solid list of included software since so much can be configured at install time through Calamares. However, when I took a fairly minimal install, with just a few applications added, I ended up with the following: The Vivaldi browser; KDE Connect; a large collection of developer tools, including the GNU Compiler Collection; the mpv player; Dolphin; the Grub Customizer; KGpg; KWrite; and the KDE Help Centre.
There are also a handful of other tools, including the Thunar file manager, a bulk file renaming utility, several tools for examining hardware information, an archive manager, and various other minor desktop utilities.
In the background we find the systemd init software and one of the most recent versions of the Linux kernel. Xero is a rolling release platform so the kernel is typically updated regularly. When I first installed the distribution I was running Linux 5.15.
Xero features a tree-style application menu. The menu is well organized, in my opinion, though quite full of various little applications.
The distribution features a unified menu bar in the top panel. This works okay most of the time, but this menu bar built into the panel gets annoying if we use multiple applications not in full-screen mode, or if we switch between application windows and dialogs as this causes the menu bar to flicker back and forth between the menus for each window. This situation is somewhat made worse by some applications, such as the default web browser, not using the unified menu bar and instead using their own in-window menus.
Package management
XeroLinux ships with the Pamac software centre by default. There are alternatives available at install time, but Pamac (which is called Add/Remove Software in the application menu) is the distribution's go-to option. Pamac offers three tabs for browsing, removing, and updating software. The Pamac interface is pleasantly clean and I found it was fairly responsive during my trial.
XeroLinux 2022 -- The Pamac software centre
(full image size: 938kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
When new software updates become available a notification appears on the Plasma desktop. Clicking this notice opens Pamac and displays the Updates tab where we can fetch waiting package upgrades.
Pamac has a nice, modern look to it and we can install new items with a click, followed by entering our password. In short, Pamac acts as a pleasant front-end to the pacman package manager.
As far as I can tell, Pamac does not act as a front-end to Xero's other two package management backends. The distribution ships with support for both Snap and Flatpak. The Flatpak framework is automatically linked to the popular Flathub repository for us. These two portable package managers can be run from the command line and worked for me.
Other observations
While running XeroLinux I made a number of other observations while exploring the distribution and trying to get things done. One issue which kept happening was the mouse pointer would often get stuck displaying a particular icon. For instance, I'd be using an application and the cursor would get stuck displaying the spinning "busy" wheel, or I'd resize a window and the cursor would freeze in the "double-arrow" image. This made selecting text or clicking in a window with any precision difficult. The issue usually cleared itself up after a few minutes.
The transparency used throughout the distribution looks nice at first glance, but it quickly becomes impractical. It's difficult to read some menus and text in the virtual terminal is a lot harder to read due to the theme's heavy use of transparency.
XeroLinux 2022 -- The KDE System Settings panel
(full image size: 193kB, resolution: 1280x1024 pixels)
There is a visual effect enabled by default which "shuffles" open windows when switching between them. I found this jarring as it looked like windows were flying off to the edges of the screen whenever I switched between applications. I tend to use anywhere from three to a dozen applications together and this effect was confusing and slowed down my workflow. It can be disabled in the System Settings panel.
In the panel there are two widgets for monitoring resource usage. A CPU monitor is shown on the left and network traffic is displayed on the right. The CPU monitor occasionally got stuck at 100% despite the system being mostly idle. The top process monitor would show the system was consuming less than 10% of its CPU resources, but the desktop widget would show 100%, sometimes for minutes at a time before correcting itself.
Xero uses a lot of command line aliases (76 by default). Some of these conflict with existing commands. For example, scp (secure copy) is aliased to "sudo cp" which is inconvenient as it performs an entirely different function. It's confusing when the command fails. The ls command is aliased to "ls -a" with colour options so directory listings are more cluttered. These listings are harder to read in the transparent terminal since directories names are printed in the default wallpaper's background colour. In another example, passing flags to the free command fails due to conflicting flags in its alias. In short, while some command line aliases can be useful, many of the 76 aliases set up for us conflict with common commands and can even be destructive to data if we make a typo.
Conclusions
The stated goal of XeroLinux is to look good. There doesn't appear to be any other mission of the project other than to take Arch Linux and make it visually flashy. To be fair to the project, it largely does this. If I wanted to sell Arch Linux to a generation raised on pop music videos and TikTok then XeroLinux would be my first choice.
As an operating system for getting work done though, well, Xero isn't ideal. It's not entirely bad, I don't want to give the impression that Xero is unstable or unusable. The distribution is entirely capable. It's just that the system regularly gets in my way in small ways.
As an example, during the install process, there are two screens where we select optional components (kernels, productivity software, video players, etc). This greatly slows down the install process, but I figured it would be worth it since I was going to start with a very trimmed down selection of software. It stood to reason I'd have a light, minimal system to start with in exchange for my efforts during the install process. However, Xero installed a giant pile of software along with my minimal selection, making the selection at install time feel like a waste of time.
Likewise, the dozens of command line aliases could, in theory, be time savers. However, they conflicted with several commands I use regularly and so I spent much of the first two days of my trial working around or removing them so my commands would work properly. Eventually I decided it would be easier to just remove all the aliases.
Earlier I mentioned the menu bars and transparency which, again, tend to look nice at first glance. But the more I used the system the more I found myself spending more time adjusting the different ways applications handled menus and turning off transparency so I could better read text.
Admittedly, I know I sound old writing this, but what I mostly want from an operating system is for it to make things easy to set up and then get out of my way so I can do things. My ideal operating system experience is one I don't need to think about. XeroLinux makes me think about it by being flashy, by asking me more questions during the setup process, by getting in the way while I'm trying to use the command line, by presenting vague options in the welcome window, by causing the top panel to regularly flicker as I switch between windows and it hastily redraws its global menu.
All of this isn't bad, it's just distracting. XeroLinux is a capable, flexible operating system that keeps demanding my attention and trying to help me in ways than make me want to give it a colouring book and send it to another room so I can work in peace.
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Hardware used in this review
My physical test equipment for this review was a Lenovo desktop with the following specifications:
- Processor: Hex-core Intel i5-10400 CPU @ 2.90GHz
- Storage: Western Digital 1TB hard drive
- Memory: 8GB of RAM
- Networking: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 wired network card, Realtek RTL8822CE 802.11ac PCIe wireless adapter
- Display: Intel CometLake-S GT2
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| Miscellaneous News (by Jesse Smith) |
Making minimal application images in Alpine, Mint prepares desktop changes, FreeBSD 12.2 nears end of life, how to build your own kernel in Rust
There are a lot of ways to package software and there are many different package managers and formats for various Linux distributions. One intriguing approach to managing software uses a young tool called apko. This tool allows for the creation of minimal images which contain just enough dependencies to run an application. Ariadne Conill explains: "Earlier today, Chainguard released version 0.1 of our apko tool. This tool allows for the composition of so-called 'distroless' images from APK-based software distributions, such as Alpine Linux, using a declarative configuration. Unlike the traditional distroless tooling, apko enables the creation of minimal, small-attack-surface images without the complications of relying on Bazel. In short, apko streamlines the process for creating declarative container images, building on our efforts to improve the security and transparency of the software supply chain. A distroless image contains only the necessary components needed to support an application. Distroless images benefit from significantly reduced attack surface, omitting unnecessary package management capabilities, and occasionally even a shell."
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The Linux Mint team are looking ahead toward Linux Mint 21 which will likely become available in the middle of 2022. There are a few significant changes planned for the new version, including an updated version of the Mutter window manager and a change in Bluetooth support. "In preparation for Linux Mint 21 we are updating Cinnamon's JavaScript interpreter and rebasing its window manager on a more modern version of Mutter. This is a huge task and it requires many code changes in Cinnamon itself and causes a significant number of regressions. We needed a full development cycle for this so the timing is perfect. Linux Mint 21 is likely to switch from Blueberry (which uses the gnome-bluetooth backend) to Blueman (which uses bluez). Feedback showed that it worked better with Bluetooth audio headsets and connected to a wider range of devices. On the development side of things, the latest version of gnome-bluetooth introduced changes which broke compatibility with Blueberry and its main developer isn't keen on seeing his work used outside of GNOME." Additional information is provided in the distribution's newsletter.
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The FreeBSD team has published a reminder that FreeBSD 12.2 will reach the end of its supported life on March 31, 2022. Users of FreeBSD are advised to upgrade to either the 12.3 or 13.0 releases. "On March 31, 2022, FreeBSD 12.2 will reach end-of-life and will no longer be supported by the FreeBSD Security Team. Users of FreeBSD 12.2 are strongly encouraged to upgrade to a newer release as soon as possible." The support schedule for current FreeBSD versions is available in the announcement.
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While we typically talk about established operating systems and distributions in this space, every operating system gets started somewhere, by someone. This week we link to a tutorial on building your own kernel, in the Rust language, from scratch. Rust is a popular programming language which offers some nice safety features which can assist developers in avoiding common security issues. Philipp Oppermann has published a series of blog posts which take the reader through the beginning stages of making their own kernel in Rust. "This blog series creates a small operating system in the Rust programming language. Each post is a small tutorial and includes all needed code, so you can follow along if you like. The source code is also available in the corresponding GitHub repository."
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These and other news stories can be found on our Headlines page.
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| Questions and Answers (by Jesse Smith) |
Rolling back package updates
Reverting-changes asks: Is there a Linux package manager that can rollback changes to a package the way Timeshift rolls back files? Why don't more package managers do this?
DistroWatch answers: For those who are not familiar with Timeshift, it is a service for Linux which allows users to create backups of an operating system. Typically Timeshift creates scheduled snapshots of the operating system (and optionally files in the user's home directory). Snapshots can be browsed for specific files or restored to revert changes to the operating system.
Regarding Linux package managers which do something similar, making it possible to revert changes such as package upgrades, there are some options. The Nix package manager (which is the core of NixOS) can do this. Nix uses an approach called package generations which make it possible to instantly switch between versions of packages. When using the Nix package manager we can revert the latest set of changes (whether it was installing a new package or upgrading an existing one) by running "nix-env --rollback". The Nix documentation has some examples. Though I haven't tried to do rollbacks with Guix, a package manager closely related to Nix, I think it's also possible to revert changes with Guix.
Some distributions such as Fedora Silverblue can use rpm-ostree to rollback updates. The Silverblue documentation shares details.
Other package managers such as those used by Debian, openSUSE, and Arch Linux usually don't have a specific, distinct function which handles rolling back a package or change. Part of the reason for this is the package managers for most distributions download new package versions to a cache, usually located under the /var directory. When a new version of a package fails to work properly, rolling back to the previous version is as simple as installing the old package from our cached copy.
As an example, let's say I upgraded my Firefox package to version 97.0 and it isn't working properly for me. On Debian (and related distributions such as Ubuntu) I can re-install the previous version from the cache directory, located at /var/cache/apt/archives/. This can be done by running a command like the one below where I rollback to version 96.0.1:
dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/firefox_96.0.1~mozillabinaries_amd64.deb
Because old versions of packages are typically cached and can be re-installed, at least on most Linux distributions, there hasn't been much need to add a specific rollback feature to the package manager itself. The ability to revert changes is pretty much built into the package handling infrastructure.
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Additional answers can be found in our Questions and Answers archive.
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| Released Last Week |
Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre 0.4
André Silva has announced the release of Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre 0.4, a new version of the project's Arch-based "libre" Linux distribution that meets the GNU Free System Distribution Guidelines (GNU FSDG). This version drops support for systemd and adds experimental support for the runit init system: "After a long and continuous period of tests and development, we are happy to announce a new release of Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre. Many of the commonly used frameworks that we identified as definitely not being wanted were dropped and alternatives where packaged and included. Lumina is one example of that, when it comes to desktop environments, given its non-dependence on D-Bus. Bluetooth is another, support has also been dropped, mostly because of the huge complexity of this codebase and derived and well-known vulnerabilities. In addition, Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre 0.4 stays further oriented towards INIT-Freedom. Therefore we have also added now experimental support for runit with the option to add also more alternatives (potentially S6)." Here is the full release announcement.
Linux From Scratch 11.1
Linux From Scratch (LFS) is a project that provides the steps necessary to build a custom Linux system. The project has published a new release of its instructions, labelled version 11.1. The new version was announced with the following description: "The Linux From Scratch community is pleased to announce the release of LFS version 11.1, LFS version 11.1 (systemd), BLFS version 11.1, and BLFS version 11.1 (systemd). This release is a major update to both LFS and BLFS. The LFS release includes updates to glibc 2.35 and Binutils 2.38. The Linux kernel has also been updated to version 5.16.9. Changes to text have been made throughout the books. The BLFS version includes approximately 1,000 packages beyond the base Linux From Scratch version 10.0 book. This release has over 900 updates from the previous version in addition to numerous text and formatting changes."
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Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
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| Torrent Corner |
Weekly Torrents
The table below provides a list of torrents DistroWatch is currently seeding. If you do not have a bittorrent client capable of handling the linked files, we suggest installing either the Transmission or KTorrent bittorrent clients.
Archives of our previously seeded torrents may be found in our Torrent Archive. We also maintain a Torrents RSS feed for people who wish to have open source torrents delivered to them. To share your own open source torrents of Linux and BSD projects, please visit our Upload Torrents page.
Torrent Corner statistics:
- Total torrents seeded: 2,693
- Total data uploaded: 41.6TB
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| Upcoming Releases and Announcements |
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Summary of expected upcoming releases
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| Opinion Poll (by Jesse Smith) |
Does your package manager have a built-in function for reverting changes?
In this week's Questions and Answers column we talked about rolling back changes to packages. Some package managers, such as Nix, make it possible to revert changes to packages much the same way Timeshift and filesystem snapshots allow administrators to revert changes to files. Does your package manager have a feature to undo recent changes? Let us know how you revert package upgrades in the comments.
You can see the results of our previous poll on the size of your bookmarks collection in last week's edition. All previous poll results can be found in our poll archives.
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Reverting package changes
| My package manager(s) can revert package changes: | 215 (22%) |
| My package manager(s) cannot revert changes: | 357 (37%) |
| I have multiple package managers and some can revert: | 65 (7%) |
| Unknown: | 323 (34%) |
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| Website News |
DistroWatch database summary
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This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 14 March 2022. Past articles and reviews can be found through our Article Search page. To contact the authors please send e-mail to:
- Jesse Smith (feedback, questions and suggestions: distribution reviews/submissions, questions and answers, tips and tricks)
- Ladislav Bodnar (feedback, questions, donations, comments)
- Bruce Patterson (podcast)
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| Archives |
| • Issue 1100 (2024-12-09): Oreon 9.3, differences in speed, IPFire's new appliance, Fedora Asahi Remix gets new video drivers, openSUSE Leap Micro updated, Redox OS running Redox OS |
| • Issue 1099 (2024-12-02): AnduinOS 1.0.1, measuring RAM usage, SUSE continues rebranding efforts, UBports prepares for next major version, Murena offering non-NFC phone |
| • Issue 1098 (2024-11-25): Linux Lite 7.2, backing up specific folders, Murena and Fairphone partner in fair trade deal, Arch installer gets new text interface, Ubuntu security tool patched |
| • Issue 1097 (2024-11-18): Chimera Linux vs Chimera OS, choosing between AlmaLinux and Debian, Fedora elevates KDE spin to an edition, Fedora previews new installer, KDE testing its own distro, Qubes-style isolation coming to FreeBSD |
| • Issue 1096 (2024-11-11): Bazzite 40, Playtron OS Alpha 1, Tucana Linux 3.1, detecting Screen sessions, Redox imports COSMIC software centre, FreeBSD booting on the PinePhone Pro, LXQt supports Wayland window managers |
| • Issue 1095 (2024-11-04): Fedora 41 Kinoite, transferring applications between computers, openSUSE Tumbleweed receives multiple upgrades, Ubuntu testing compiler optimizations, Mint partners with Framework |
| • Issue 1094 (2024-10-28): DebLight OS 1, backing up crontab, AlmaLinux introduces Litten branch, openSUSE unveils refreshed look, Ubuntu turns 20
| | • Issue 1093 (2024-10-21): Kubuntu 24.10, atomic vs immutable distributions, Debian upgrading Perl packages, UBports adding VoLTE support, Android to gain native GNU/Linux application support |
| • Issue 1092 (2024-10-14): FunOS 24.04.1, a home directory inside a file, work starts of openSUSE Leap 16.0, improvements in Haiku, KDE neon upgrades its base |
| • Issue 1091 (2024-10-07): Redox OS 0.9.0, Unified package management vs universal package formats, Redox begins RISC-V port, Mint polishes interface, Qubes certifies new laptop |
| • Issue 1090 (2024-09-30): Rhino Linux 2024.2, commercial distros with alternative desktops, Valve seeks to improve Wayland performance, HardenedBSD parterns with Protectli, Tails merges with Tor Project, Quantum Leap partners with the FreeBSD Foundation |
| • Issue 1089 (2024-09-23): Expirion 6.0, openKylin 2.0, managing configuration files, the future of Linux development, fixing bugs in Haiku, Slackware packages dracut |
| • Issue 1088 (2024-09-16): PorteuX 1.6, migrating from Windows 10 to which Linux distro, making NetBSD immutable, AlmaLinux offers hardware certification, Mint updates old APT tools |
| • Issue 1087 (2024-09-09): COSMIC desktop, running cron jobs at variable times, UBports highlights new apps, HardenedBSD offers work around for FreeBSD change, Debian considers how to cull old packages, systemd ported to musl |
| • Issue 1086 (2024-09-02): Vanilla OS 2, command line tips for simple tasks, FreeBSD receives investment from STF, openSUSE Tumbleweed update can break network connections, Debian refreshes media |
| • Issue 1085 (2024-08-26): Nobara 40, OpenMandriva 24.07 "ROME", distros which include source code, FreeBSD publishes quarterly report, Microsoft updates breaks Linux in dual-boot environments |
| • Issue 1084 (2024-08-19): Liya 2.0, dual boot with encryption, Haiku introduces performance improvements, Gentoo dropping IA-64, Redcore merges major upgrade |
| • Issue 1083 (2024-08-12): TrueNAS 24.04.2 "SCALE", Linux distros for smartphones, Redox OS introduces web server, PipeWire exposes battery drain on Linux, Canonical updates kernel version policy |
| • Issue 1082 (2024-08-05): Linux Mint 22, taking snapshots of UFS on FreeBSD, openSUSE updates Tumbleweed and Aeon, Debian creates Tiny QA Tasks, Manjaro testing immutable images |
| • Issue 1081 (2024-07-29): SysLinuxOS 12.4, OpenBSD gain hardware acceleration, Slackware changes kernel naming, Mint publishes upgrade instructions |
| • Issue 1080 (2024-07-22): Running GNU/Linux on Android with Andronix, protecting network services, Solus dropping AppArmor and Snap, openSUSE Aeon Desktop gaining full disk encryption, SUSE asks openSUSE to change its branding |
| • Issue 1079 (2024-07-15): Ubuntu Core 24, hiding files on Linux, Fedora dropping X11 packages on Workstation, Red Hat phasing out GRUB, new OpenSSH vulnerability, FreeBSD speeds up release cycle, UBports testing new first-run wizard |
| • Issue 1078 (2024-07-08): Changing init software, server machines running desktop environments, OpenSSH vulnerability patched, Peppermint launches new edition, HardenedBSD updates ports |
| • Issue 1077 (2024-07-01): The Unity and Lomiri interfaces, different distros for different tasks, Ubuntu plans to run Wayland on NVIDIA cards, openSUSE updates Leap Micro, Debian releases refreshed media, UBports gaining contact synchronisation, FreeDOS celebrates its 30th anniversary |
| • Issue 1076 (2024-06-24): openSUSE 15.6, what makes Linux unique, SUSE Liberty Linux to support CentOS Linux 7, SLE receives 19 years of support, openSUSE testing Leap Micro edition |
| • Issue 1075 (2024-06-17): Redox OS, X11 and Wayland on the BSDs, AlmaLinux releases Pi build, Canonical announces RISC-V laptop with Ubuntu, key changes in systemd |
| • Issue 1074 (2024-06-10): Endless OS 6.0.0, distros with init diversity, Mint to filter unverified Flatpaks, Debian adds systemd-boot options, Redox adopts COSMIC desktop, OpenSSH gains new security features |
| • Issue 1073 (2024-06-03): LXQt 2.0.0, an overview of Linux desktop environments, Canonical partners with Milk-V, openSUSE introduces new features in Aeon Desktop, Fedora mirrors see rise in traffic, Wayland adds OpenBSD support |
| • Issue 1072 (2024-05-27): Manjaro 24.0, comparing init software, OpenBSD ports Plasma 6, Arch community debates mirror requirements, ThinOS to upgrade its FreeBSD core |
| • Issue 1071 (2024-05-20): Archcraft 2024.04.06, common command line mistakes, ReactOS imports WINE improvements, Haiku makes adjusting themes easier, NetBSD takes a stand against code generated by chatbots |
| • Issue 1070 (2024-05-13): Damn Small Linux 2024, hiding kernel messages during boot, Red Hat offers AI edition, new web browser for UBports, Fedora Asahi Remix 40 released, Qubes extends support for version 4.1 |
| • Issue 1069 (2024-05-06): Ubuntu 24.04, installing packages in alternative locations, systemd creates sudo alternative, Mint encourages XApps collaboration, FreeBSD publishes quarterly update |
| • Issue 1068 (2024-04-29): Fedora 40, transforming one distro into another, Debian elects new Project Leader, Red Hat extends support cycle, Emmabuntus adds accessibility features, Canonical's new security features |
| • Issue 1067 (2024-04-22): LocalSend for transferring files, detecting supported CPU architecure levels, new visual design for APT, Fedora and openSUSE working on reproducible builds, LXQt released, AlmaLinux re-adds hardware support |
| • Issue 1066 (2024-04-15): Fun projects to do with the Raspberry Pi and PinePhone, installing new software on fixed-release distributions, improving GNOME Terminal performance, Mint testing new repository mirrors, Gentoo becomes a Software In the Public Interest project |
| • Issue 1065 (2024-04-08): Dr.Parted Live 24.03, answering questions about the xz exploit, Linux Mint to ship HWE kernel, AlmaLinux patches flaw ahead of upstream Red Hat, Calculate changes release model |
| • Issue 1064 (2024-04-01): NixOS 23.11, the status of Hurd, liblzma compromised upstream, FreeBSD Foundation focuses on improving wireless networking, Ubuntu Pro offers 12 years of support |
| • Issue 1063 (2024-03-25): Redcore Linux 2401, how slowly can a rolling release update, Debian starts new Project Leader election, Red Hat creating new NVIDIA driver, Snap store hit with more malware |
| • Issue 1062 (2024-03-18): KDE neon 20240304, changing file permissions, Canonical turns 20, Pop!_OS creates new software centre, openSUSE packages Plasma 6 |
| • Issue 1061 (2024-03-11): Using a PinePhone as a workstation, restarting background services on a schedule, NixBSD ports Nix to FreeBSD, Fedora packaging COSMIC, postmarketOS to adopt systemd, Linux Mint replacing HexChat |
| • Issue 1060 (2024-03-04): AV Linux MX-23.1, bootstrapping a network connection, key OpenBSD features, Qubes certifies new hardware, LXQt and Plasma migrate to Qt 6 |
| • Issue 1059 (2024-02-26): Warp Terminal, navigating manual pages, malware found in the Snap store, Red Hat considering CPU requirement update, UBports organizes ongoing work |
| • Issue 1058 (2024-02-19): Drauger OS 7.6, how much disk space to allocate, System76 prepares to launch COSMIC desktop, UBports changes its version scheme, TrueNAS to offer faster deduplication |
| • Issue 1057 (2024-02-12): Adelie Linux 1.0 Beta, rolling release vs fixed for a smoother experience, Debian working on 2038 bug, elementary OS to split applications from base system updates, Fedora announces Atomic Desktops |
| • Issue 1056 (2024-02-05): wattOS R13, the various write speeds of ISO writing tools, DSL returns, Mint faces Wayland challenges, HardenedBSD blocks foreign USB devices, Gentoo publishes new repository, Linux distros patch glibc flaw |
| • Issue 1055 (2024-01-29): CNIX OS 231204, distributions patching packages the most, Gentoo team presents ongoing work, UBports introduces connectivity and battery improvements, interview with Haiku developer |
| • Issue 1054 (2024-01-22): Solus 4.5, comparing dd and cp when writing ISO files, openSUSE plans new major Leap version, XeroLinux shutting down, HardenedBSD changes its build schedule |
| • Issue 1053 (2024-01-15): Linux AI voice assistants, some distributions running hotter than others, UBports talks about coming changes, Qubes certifies StarBook laptops, Asahi Linux improves energy savings |
| • Issue 1052 (2024-01-08): OpenMandriva Lx 5.0, keeping shell commands running when theterminal closes, Mint upgrades Edge kernel, Vanilla OS plans big changes, Canonical working to make Snap more cross-platform |
| • Issue 1051 (2024-01-01): Favourite distros of 2023, reloading shell settings, Asahi Linux releases Fedora remix, Gentoo offers binary packages, openSUSE provides full disk encryption |
| • Issue 1050 (2023-12-18): rlxos 2023.11, renaming files and opening terminal windows in specific directories, TrueNAS publishes ZFS fixes, Debian publishes delayed install media, Haiku polishes desktop experience |
| • Issue 1049 (2023-12-11): Lernstick 12, alternatives to WINE, openSUSE updates its branding, Mint unveils new features, Lubuntu team plans for 24.04 |
| • Issue 1048 (2023-12-04): openSUSE MicroOS, the transition from X11 to Wayland, Red Hat phasing out X11 packages, UBports making mobile development easier |
| • Issue 1047 (2023-11-27): GhostBSD 23.10.1, Why Linux uses swap when memory is free, Ubuntu Budgie may benefit from Wayland work in Xfce, early issues with FreeBSD 14.0 |
| • Issue 1046 (2023-11-20): Slackel 7.7 "Openbox", restricting CPU usage, Haiku improves font handling and software centre performance, Canonical launches MicroCloud |
| • Full list of all issues |
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SAMity Linux, a live and installation CD based on Unity Linux, was an easy-to-use, fast and clean Xfce Linux desktop for home users.
Status: Discontinued
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View our range including the highly anticipated StarFighter. Available with coreboot open-source firmware and a choice of Ubuntu, elementary, Manjaro and more. Visit Star Labs for information, to buy and get support.
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