 DistroWatch Weekly |
| DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 869, 8 June 2020 |
Welcome to this year's 23rd issue of DistroWatch Weekly!
Operating systems have a tendency to get larger and applications tend to become more complex over time. This means that while computers are becoming more powerful, they also need to work harder to accomplish the same tasks. Some software projects fight against the tide of complexity and software growth, striving to make software simpler and lighter. One such project is KISS, an independent project that combines the Linux kernel with streamlined userland tools to make a fast and light operating system where the user performs most tasks manually. Read on to learn more about this unusual project. In our News section we link to an open discussion with the CentOS team and talk about a new tool that simplifies writing disk images to removable media. Then we talk about the Linux Mint team's plan to avoid Snap packages. Plus we report on the elementary OS developers streamlining their distribution to reduce the number of password prompts the user sees. If any of these features sound appealing then stay tuned for our Questions and Answers column in which we talk about merging the software and features of one distribution into another. Our exploration of merging characteristics from multiple distributions continues in our Opinion Poll and we would like to hear how you approach getting all the features you crave on one system. Plus we are pleased to share the new releases of the past week and list the torrents we are seeding. We wish you all a fantastic week and happy reading!
Content:
- Review: KISS 1.9.11
- News: EasyOS publishes tool for writing disk images, Linux Mint plans to avoid Snap packages, elementary OS team streamlines updates, CentOS team answers questions
- Questions and answers: Importing features from one distribution into another
- Released last week: Devuan GNU+Linux 3.0.0, MX Linux 19.2, Greenie Linux 20.04
- Torrent corner: Arch Linux, Archman, Devuan, Greenie Linux, IPFire, Karoshi, LibreELEC, KDE neon, MX Linux, Runtu, Septor, SparkyLinux, Tails
- Opinion poll: What is your preferred method for sharing features across distributions?
- New distributions: Functional OS, snakeware, openEuler
- Reader comments
Listen to the Podcast edition of this week's DistroWatch Weekly in OGG (15MB) and MP3 (15MB) formats.
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| Feature Story (by Jesse Smith) |
KISS 1.9.11
This past week I had a chance to look at a project I have been hoping to find time to try for a while now, KISS. The project's website describes KISS as follows:
An independent Linux distribution with a focus on simplicity and the concept of less is more. The distribution targets only the x86-64 architecture and the English language.
The website goes on to list a number of key features the KISS project provides:
- Uses a plain-text package system which is
language agnostic and parseable with basic UNIX
utilities.
- Uses a package manager written in 600 lines of
POSIX sh (excluding blank lines and comments).
- Based on musl libc, BusyBox and the Linux kernel.
- All shell code is linted by and passes shellcheck
(including each and every repository package).
- All packages are compiled from source by the
package manager which automatically handles
dependencies, patches, etc.
The KISS project appears to be aiming to create a very minimal operating system with a simple design. One that is transparent and can be both audited and understood relatively easily. The default environment is quite small and minimal in terms of features. Default tools tend to be written in shell scripts rather than binary programs, making it possible for administrators to quickly view and edit the utilities.
KISS seems to be crafted in such a way that the operating system will do very little automatically, leaving the user to build, install, and configure software in a mostly manual process.
Installing
The KISS project does not provide bootable ISO or IMG files. To install KISS we need another Linux distribution, or a live CD that can download a package and set up the KISS operating system in a chroot environment. First we download an archive that contains the KISS userland utilities. Then we can use the existing operating system or live CD to partition the disk, compile our own kernel, and install a boot loader.
The KISS environment is a 27MB download and we can optionally download a companion tool which sets up the chroot environment for us. We need to format a partition to use for KISS, mount it under a directory such as /mnt, unpack the KISS archive into this directory and then run the KISS chroot tool. This locks us into the KISS environment where we can run a series of commands listed in the project's documentation to set up the operating system.
From there we need to use the project's package manager, called kiss, to download, build, and install additional tools. These include filesystem support, the Linux kernel, optionally wireless networking tools, and a boot loader.
What I found was, after setting up a new partition and mounting it, all I was doing was copying and pasting commands from the KISS website into a terminal. In essence just running "kiss build package ; kiss install package" over and over. It feels like this could all have been handled by a simple, one-page shell script which could have acted as a system installer for KISS.
Some people may read that above paragraph and conclude that I have entirely missed the point of KISS. The idea seems to be that the project does not do any hand holding and the user should do everything manually. After all, everything can be customized. However, I think there are three arguments against this line of thinking - and in favour of having a scripted installer. The first is that virtually everyone who installs KISS needs to run the same handful of commands, and will need to do so every time they go through the setup process. There is no variety or flexibility in the required commands, meaning there is no benefit to doing them manually. The second reason I would like to see this process scripted is it is easy for humans to make typos (which I did during one run-through) while a script never mis-types. My third argument is KISS provides a script to set up the initial chroot environment to assist users and avoid mistakes. If creating the chroot can be scripted, then why not the unchanging commands that immediately follow?
The philosophy of scripting installs aside, one of the few really manually parts of setting up KISS is downloading, configuring, and building the Linux kernel. We may optionally also need to download firmware blobs. How to do this is briefly covered in the KISS documentation, enough to probably get beginners through the process. However, customizing the kernel or enabling extra hardware support is not covered.
After that we need to install a boot loader (examples using GRUB to boot the operating system are shared in the documentation) and then we can exit the chroot and reboot the computer. Assuming we completed all the steps correctly and we do not need any special hardware support, then we should be able to boot into our new KISS operating system.
Early impressions
Assuming all went well during the setup process, KISS successfully boots into minimal, text-based environment where we can sign in as the root user. To be honest, the first time through I made a typo while installing GRUB and KISS (understandably) did not boot for me, but I was able to use the live environment and chroot to fix GRUB and get things working. Once we sign into the root account we can explore an environment that is mostly provided by BusyBox. There are no manual pages, virtually no user accounts, background services, or a working network connection.
We do have access to a working compiler (thanks to the GNU Compiler Collection) and a small repository of software through the kiss package manager. We can use the dhcpcd command to enable networking, even setting this script to run at start-up to make our lives easier. Then we can use kiss to install new packages we need.
A fresh install of KISS used about 20MB of RAM on my machine and 3.2GB of disk space, including the kernel sources and firmware I had saved to the filesystem during the initial install. Once I had removed the source code and firmware packages KISS consumed about 1GB of disk space.
Software management
One of the few utilities the operating system includes is kiss, the package manager. The kiss utility can search for software in the project's repositories, download, build, and install new packages. It can also upgrade existing packages and list installed items. New packages are always built from source code.
The default repositories are quite small and this meant most of my searches for new packages returned no results. I found it easiest to browse the on-line repository from the project's GitHub account. If we need additional software there are third-party, community repositories with more software.
As KISS is a minimal operating system, the user is left to build on it and develop what they need. We can turn KISS into a platform for just about anything, assuming we have the time and skills to install and configure the necessary software. There is virtually no hand holding though, we are expected to know what we are doing without manual pages, on-line support, or (for the most part) automation.
Conclusions
KISS is a project people will probably only want to use if they have a particular project or goal in mind. It is not particularly practical as a day to day operating system and, I would argue, it is not meant to be. The philosophy, work, and approach on display at the KISS project are all very interesting, and I will come back to those in a moment, but first I want to address the elephant in the room.
KISS, while described as a Linux distribution on the project's website, is not a Linux distribution by any definition I have encountered and I'd question whether it should be considered an operating system. There are three reasons I make this observation. The first is that KISS cannot bootstrap itself, it needs another operating system to get it up and running. Most operating systems can be booted from a DVD or USB thumb drive and install themselves. KISS requires we have a Linux distribution on hand to install it. This makes me question whether KISS is an operating system or, more likely, a meta operating system.
The second reason I believe KISS should not be considered a complete operating system (or a Linux distribution) is it does not include a kernel. Userland and package management tools are included, but there is no kernel by default. A kernel must be added separately by the user and it is hard to consider any project an operating system if it does not have a kernel included.
Which brings me to my third reason KISS is not a Linux distribution: the project does not distribute Linux. The KISS archive does not include Linux, and the package manager does not recognize any Linux package. KISS in no way provides or manages the Linux kernel which makes it very difficult to consider KISS a Linux distribution. Or even Linux-related, except that its userland is unlikely to work out of the box with any other kernel.
All of that is to say I do not think we can regard KISS as a Linux distribution or expect it to work like Linux distributions generally do. There is no direct apples-to-apples comparison we can make between a project like KISS and other do-it-yourself projects like Arch Linux or Tiny Core Linux. An argument could be made that KISS is a meta distribution similar to Gentoo where users are expected to compile and customize their operating systems in detail with very little assistance. KISS provides a distribution-like framework, like Gentoo, to help us craft our own operating system.
With all that being said, I do think KISS is a very interesting project and one worth looking at, especially if you are among those who feel operating systems are too bloated or enable too many features. KISS is really striving to trim the fat off Linux-based operating systems and related open source software, removing optional features and cutting out unnecessary tools. There is a patch provided in the KISS documentation, for example, which removes the need to have Perl installed before building Linux which nearly cuts the time required to perform the initial setup process in half. That is the sort of efficiency I can support.
The KISS project is always looking at ways to remove extra stuff users do not need, or that end-user programs do not require. The KISS blog often reports on changes to packages which greatly reduce their size, like this one which mentions Python's package size was trimmed by about 90-100MB. This work does not only benefit KISS users, the work is open source. Any distribution, whether it is Fedora, Debian, or Arch can benefit from this kind of refinement. Upstream projects can also look at the work KISS is doing and cut out libraries or options which are not needed and which, when removed, do not negatively affect users.
All of this is to say that I am very intrigued and in support of the work the KISS project is doing. I would certainly not want to run KISS on a workstation or server I was using day to day - the manual effort involved would drag my work to a crawl. However, the work to reduce software size and improve performance that KISS is engaging in (and which is explained on the project's blog) will almost certainly benefit all of us in the long run. I hope the packagers of mainstream Linux distributions are paying attention to KISS because we can all appreciate faster, slimmer software, especially if the features we use are still maintained.
* * * * *
Visitor supplied rating
KISS has a visitor supplied average rating of: 10/10 from 3 review(s).
Have you used KISS? You can leave your own review of the project on our ratings page.
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| Miscellaneous News (by Jesse Smith) |
EasyOS publishes tool for writing disk images, Linux Mint plans to avoid Snap packages, elementary OS team streamlining updates, CentOS team answers questions
Barry Kauler, the developer behind such interesting distributions as EasyOS and Puppy Linux has announced the availability of a helpful tool for writing operating system images to USB thumb drives and SD cards. The new tool is called EasyDD and can work in either command line or graphical desktop modes. The utility detects available removable drives and can transfer both regular and compressed images to a USB thumb drive. The utility is designed to be highly portable with minimal dependencies. "There is no problem with using EasyDD in CLI mode, in fact that is the author's preferred mode. However, if you are running some Linux distribution other than a Puppy-derivative, there is also a "portable" version, similar to an AppImage, with everything bundled into a single executable, including 'gtkdialog'. In fact, EasyDD-portable will run in GUI mode on any linux, x86 32-bit or 64-bit, and only needs some basic utilities in the host system, such as 'gzip', 'tar', 'realpath', 'mkdir', 'cd', 'tail' and 'cp' -- and it would be a pretty weird distribution that doesn't have those."
* * * * *
With Linux Mint version 20 planned for release later this year the Mint developers are testing our some features, including themes and driver support. The project is also addressing concerns users have about Snap packages. The project's base, Ubuntu, ships with Snap by default and trying to install some packages through APT can cause Snap packages to be installed instead. The Mint team wants to avoid this, insuring users only get the packages they want. "I'm happy to confirm that Linux Mint 20, like previous Mint releases will not ship with any snaps or snapd installed. Second, to address this situation we'll do exactly what we said we would: In Linux Mint 20, Chromium won't be an empty package which installs snapd behind your back. It will be an empty package which tells you why it's empty and tells you where to look to get Chromium yourself. In Linux Mint 20, APT will forbid snapd from getting installed. You'll still be able to install it yourself and we'll document this in the release notes, but by default APT won't allow repository packages from doing this on your behalf." Further information on the upcoming release of Linux Mint 20 can be found in the project's newsletter.
* * * * *
The elementary OS team has published an update on work going into their operating system, in particular focusing on streamlining the user experience. One new change coming to the distribution is removing the need to enter a password to install software updates. "We continued our steady iterative improvements to AppCenter with new features and fixes. The big quality-of-life one: users can now install updates without administrator permission. Since an administrator had to approve the original installation and we provide clear expectations around curated versus non-curated apps, it didn't make sense to make users authenticate just for updates. This is part of our ongoing work on reducing authentication fatigue and only elevating permissions when necessary. Since by default on elementary OS Flatpak apps are already installed as user apps, installing and updating them does not require authentication, either." Further information on changes coming to elementary OS can be found in the project's blog post.
* * * * *
Members of the CentOS team took to Reddit last week to field questions from the public. The CentOS team talked about Python, bug reports, sharing progress reports and more. The questions and answers session features eight CentOS team members who fill a variety of roles with the project. The entire discussion can be browsed on Reddit.
* * * * *
These and other news stories can be found on our Headlines page.
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| Questions and Answers (by Jesse Smith) |
Importing features from one distribution into another
Managing-a-merger asks: I am using Debian 10.3 and see features in Kodachi I would like in Debian. They are described below. Could these feature be imported in to Debian?
- I see a feature to use Nord VPN via GUI - Protonmail VPN and few others
- I see a feature to use different DNS servers via GUI
- I see a feature to change MAC address via GUI
I noticed a few other features but don`t remember them at the moment but assume they could be imported.
I heard any feature in Linux can be imported into a different Linux distro - true or false?
I don't know the packages names but is there any way to find out and where to get them?
* * * * *
DistroWatch answers: First, the good news is that Linux Kodachi is a member of the Debian family of distributions. There will be some small differences between them, but the two projects are closely related and mostly compatible. That is, most software that runs on one will run on the other. In fact, most of the software you run on Kodachi is probably already in the Debian software repositories.
Regarding Nord VPN (and similar products), the Nord VPN website has a tutorial for installing and setting up their service on Debian and related distributions.
Debian includes a graphical tool, called Network Manager, which will let you adjust DNS servers and your MAC address. You should find this tool works the same on Debian as it does on Kodachi. Typically Network Manager is installed on Debian by default. Assuming the Network Manager tool is running you can right-click its icon, select Edit Connections, and then assign DNS and MAC values to any network your system recognizes.
As for whether any feature of one Linux distribution can be imported into another Linux distribution, the answer is not entirely clear cut. In theory, the answer is yes. Virtually any program which runs on one Linux distribution could be made to run on another.
However, in a practical sense, the answer is often no because of the amount of time and effort involved in porting the software. Linux-based distributions are a diverse bunch and software that is built with one project, or collection of tools, in mind will often not work on another distribution without a lot of work.
For instance, the openSUSE YaST administration tool is widely regarded as being powerful and useful, but it is virtually unused outside of openSUSE because it would require a lot of time and effort to port it to another distribution. As another example, the Snap portable package framework relies on systemd, which means any distributions running another init implementation (SysV, runit, OpenRC, etc) cannot use Snap packages without introducing some sort of compatibility layer.
Typically, software can be shared between similar distributions, ones which are closely related. Most software that runs on Ubuntu also runs on Debian, or can be made to work with a little effort, because Ubuntu is based on Debian. However, you should not necessarily expect tools made for a distribution in one family of projects to run on a distribution from another family. It is unlikely you will see any Ubuntu servers running openSUSE's YaST configuration panel any time soon or Slackware Linux running Snap packages.
* * * * *
Additional answers can be found in our Questions and Answers archive.
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| Released Last Week |
MX Linux 19.2
The MX Linux development team has announced the release of MX Linux 19.2, a new stable version of the project's desktop Linux distribution based on Debian (stable) and antiX. This release includes bug fixes and software updates: "We are pleased to offer MX 19.2 for your use. MX 19.2 is the second refresh of our MX 19 release, consisting of bug fixes and application updates since our original release of MX 19. If you are already running MX 19, there is no need to reinstall. Packages are all available through the regular update channel. The standard MX 19.2 releases (32-bit and 64-bit editions) feature the latest Debian 4.19 Linux kernel and, unlike in the past, the kernel will now auto-update along with Debian sources by default. The AHS (Advanced Hardware Support) ISO image features a Debian 5.6 Linux kernel, MESA 20, as well as a new updated firmware package. As usual, this release includes the latest updates from Debian 10.4 and MX repositories: Xfce 4.14, GIMP 2.10.12, MESA 18.3.6 (20.0.7 ahs), updated firmware, Firefox 76, VLC 3.0.10, Clementine 1.3.1, Thunderbird 68.6.1, LibreOffice 6.1.5 (plus security fixes)." Read the complete release announcement for more information.
Greenie Linux 20.04
Greenie Linux is a Slovak desktop distribution based on Ubuntu and optimised for users in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The project's latest release is based on Ubuntu 20.04 and ships with the KDE Plasma desktop, version 5.18. Previous versions of the distribution used the MATE desktop. An English translations of the original release announcement reads: "Greenie 20.04 with KDE Plasma. New in 20.04: change environment to KDE Plasma; new, current versions of programs; Linux kernel 5.4, KDE Plasma 5.18. Changes compared to Kubuntu 18.04: presence of Slovak and Czech language packages; a number of added fonts with full support of Slovak and Czech characters; popular tools for any activity; aliases for quick program installation; added missing keyboard shortcuts in LibreOffice and GIMP; removed Asian and various specific fonts and documentation; tools for working with translations, reading and editing books; more software installation options (classic Synaptic); added a few Bash aliases; added tools like Focuswriter and Calibre to work with e-books; switch from Chromium to Firefox (Chromium is available for installation as a SNAP package)."
Devuan GNU+Linux 3.0.0
Mark Hindley has announced the release of Devuan GNU+Linux 3.0.0, code name "Boewulf". Devuan is a Linux distribution originally forked from Debian in order to provide alternative init software to systemd (SysV, OpenRC or runit). This version of Devuan is based on Debian 10: "Devuan developers are delighted to announce the release of Devuan 'Beowulf' 3.0.0 as the project's new stable release. This is the result of many months of painstaking work by the team and detailed testing by the wider Devuan community. What's new in Beowulf 3.0.0? Based on Debian Buster (10.4) with Linux kernel 4.19; support for ppc64el in addition to the existing i386, amd64, armel, armhf and arm64 architectures; runit optional alternative /sbin/init; openrc optional alternative to sysv-rc service and runlevel control; standalone daemons eudev and elogind to replace aspects of monolithic systemd; new boot, display manager and desktop theme." See the release announcement and release notes for further details. Devuan 3.0.0 is available in the form of live ("Minimal" or "Desktop" with Xfce) or installation images ("Desktop", "Server" and "Netinstall").
Devuan GNU+Linux 3.0.0 -- Running the Xfce desktop
(full image size: 116kB, resolution: 1920x1080 pixels)
IPFire 2.25 Core 145
IPFire is an independent Linux distribution designed to help administrators easily manage network security and traffic. The project latest release introduces new monitoring and logging options as well as starting the random number generator earlier in the boot process. "OpenVPN will from now on collect metrics about connected clients. On an extra page, it will be shown which client has connected when and for how long it was connected. The random number generator will be launched earlier in the boot process to see the kernel's pseudo-random number generator as soon as possible. On some systems, this could have blocked the boot process for a couple of minutes. Firewall: Connections that are being NATed will now always be logged in the filter chain, too. vnstat, the tool behind the net traffic graphs on the IPFire web user interface has been updated to use a new database format and refreshes its graphs more often, for more detailed and accurate data. Pakfire correctly uses upstream proxies now." Further information can be found in the project's release announcement.
Network Security Toolkit 32-11992
Network Security Toolkit (NST) is a bootable live CD based on the Fedora distribution. The project's latest release is based on Fedora 32 and includes a number of new tools and features for analyzing network traffic. "We are pleased to announce the latest NST release: NST 32 SVN:11992. This release is based on Fedora 32 using Linux Kernel: "kernel-5.6.15-300.fc32.x86_64". This release brings the NST distribution on par with Fedora 32. Here are some of the highlights and new tools added for this release: A new NST WUI page for displaying Wireshark tshark Statistics Conversations has been developed (See the example: tshark Statistics Conversations page shown below.). This page focuses on displaying network conversations between two specific endpoints in tabular format and results can be further analyzed with the NST Network Tools Widgets. One can choose a Conversation Type and Display filter to isolate traffic of interest. The table output also contains the ability to create stream display filters for packet capture decode analysis. Many other actions and features can be found on this page. Added a new NST WUI page for the next generation the Kismet Wireless Surveillance application. This new version features a massively rewritten code base, a new web UI, support for non-WiFi capture types, and much more." Further details can be found on the project's home page.
* * * * *
Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
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| Torrent Corner |
Weekly Torrents
The table below provides a list of torrents DistroWatch is currently seeding. If you do not have a bittorrent client capable of handling the linked files, we suggest installing either the Transmission or KTorrent bittorrent clients.
Archives of our previously seeded torrents may be found in our Torrent Archive. We also maintain a Torrents RSS feed for people who wish to have open source torrents delivered to them. To share your own open source torrents of Linux and BSD projects, please visit our Upload Torrents page.
Torrent Corner statistics:
- Total torrents seeded: 2,012
- Total data uploaded: 32.1TB
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| Upcoming Releases and Announcements |
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Summary of expected upcoming releases
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| Opinion Poll (by Jesse Smith) |
What is your preferred method for sharing features across distributions?
In our Questions and Answers column we discussed merging features from one Linux distribution into another and why this is sometimes not practical. People often find the software they want on one distribution is not available, or not up to date, on another. When you want to make use of a specific feature or package that is not available on your main distribution, how do you work around that limitation? Do you run another distribution in a virtual machine, run a portable package, make use of a container to run the desired software, dual-boot and switch between two distributions? Let us know how you get the features you need in the comments.
You can see the results of our previous poll on keeping /home on a separate partition in last week's edition. All previous poll results can be found in our poll archives.
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I gain access to non-native features using
| Bedrock Linux: | 15 (1%) |
| Chroot: | 21 (2%) |
| Containers: | 52 (4%) |
| Dual-booting: | 193 (16%) |
| Portable packages: | 139 (12%) |
| Virtual machines: | 221 (19%) |
| Other: | 105 (9%) |
| I am not missing any desired features: | 445 (37%) |
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|
| Website News (by Jesse Smith) |
Distributions added to waiting list
- Functional OS. Functional OS is a 64-bit, desktop distribution based on Debian's Testing branch and Ubuntu. Functional OS uses the Budgie desktop environment as the default interface.
- snakeware. snakeware is a Linux-based distribution that uses a Python-based userspace environment and graphical desktop. It uses a custom window manager without X.Org.
- openEuler. openEuler is a CentOS-based distribution developed and supported by Huawei.
* * * * *
DistroWatch database summary
* * * * *
This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 15 June 2020. Past articles and reviews can be found through our Article Search page. To contact the authors please send e-mail to:
- Jesse Smith (feedback, questions and suggestions: distribution reviews/submissions, questions and answers, tips and tricks)
- Ladislav Bodnar (feedback, questions, donations, comments)
- Bruce Patterson (podcast)
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| Archives |
| • Issue 1046 (2023-11-20): Slackel 7.7 "Openbox", restricting CPU usage, Haiku improves font handling and software centre performance, Canonical launches MicroCloud |
| • Issue 1045 (2023-11-13): Fedora 39, how to trust software packages, ReactOS booting with UEFI, elementary OS plans to default to Wayland, Mir gaining ability to split work across video cards |
| • Issue 1044 (2023-11-06): Porteus 5.01, disabling IPv6, applications unique to a Linux distro, Linux merges bcachefs, OpenELA makes source packages available |
| • Issue 1043 (2023-10-30): Murena Two with privacy switches, where old files go when packages are updated, UBports on Volla phones, Mint testing Cinnamon on Wayland, Peppermint releases ARM build |
| • Issue 1042 (2023-10-23): Ubuntu Cinnamon compared with Linux Mint, extending battery life on Linux, Debian resumes /usr merge, Canonical publishes fixed install media |
| • Issue 1041 (2023-10-16): FydeOS 17.0, Dr.Parted 23.09, changing UIDs, Fedora partners with Slimbook, GNOME phasing out X11 sessions, Ubuntu revokes 23.10 install media |
| • Issue 1040 (2023-10-09): CROWZ 5.0, changing the location of default directories, Linux Mint updates its Edge edition, Murena crowdfunding new privacy phone, Debian publishes new install media |
| • Issue 1039 (2023-10-02): Zenwalk Current, finding the duration of media files, Peppermint OS tries out new edition, COSMIC gains new features, Canonical reports on security incident in Snap store |
| • Issue 1038 (2023-09-25): Mageia 9, trouble-shooting launchers, running desktop Linux in the cloud, New documentation for Nix, Linux phasing out ReiserFS, GNU celebrates 40 years |
| • Issue 1037 (2023-09-18): Bodhi Linux 7.0.0, finding specific distros and unified package managemnt, Zevenet replaced by two new forks, openSUSE introduces Slowroll branch, Fedora considering dropping Plasma X11 session |
| • Issue 1036 (2023-09-11): SDesk 2023.08.12, hiding command line passwords, openSUSE shares contributor survery results, Ubuntu plans seamless disk encryption, GNOME 45 to break extension compatibility |
| • Issue 1035 (2023-09-04): Debian GNU/Hurd 2023, PCLinuxOS 2023.07, do home users need a firewall, AlmaLinux introduces new repositories, Rocky Linux commits to RHEL compatibility, NetBSD machine runs unattended for nine years, Armbian runs wallpaper contest |
| • Issue 1034 (2023-08-28): Void 20230628, types of memory usage, FreeBSD receives port of Linux NVIDIA driver, Fedora plans improved theme handling for Qt applications, Canonical's plans for Ubuntu |
| • Issue 1033 (2023-08-21): MiniOS 20230606, system user accounts, how Red Hat clones are moving forward, Haiku improves WINE performance, Debian turns 30 |
| • Issue 1032 (2023-08-14): MX Linux 23, positioning new windows on the desktop, Linux Containers adopts LXD fork, Oracle, SUSE, and CIQ form OpenELA |
| • Issue 1031 (2023-08-07): Peppermint OS 2023-07-01, preventing a file from being changed, Asahi Linux partners with Fedora, Linux Mint plans new releases |
| • Issue 1030 (2023-07-31): Solus 4.4, Linux Mint 21.2, Debian introduces RISC-V support, Ubuntu patches custom kernel bugs, FreeBSD imports OpenSSL 3 |
| • Issue 1029 (2023-07-24): Running Murena on the Fairphone 4, Flatpak vs Snap sandboxing technologies, Redox OS plans to borrow Linux drivers to expand hardware support, Debian updates Bookworm media |
| • Issue 1028 (2023-07-17): KDE Connect; Oracle, SUSE, and AlmaLinux repsond to Red Hat's source code policy change, KaOS issues media fix, Slackware turns 30; security and immutable distributions |
| • Issue 1027 (2023-07-10): Crystal Linux 2023-03-16, StartOS (embassyOS 0.3.4.2), changing options on a mounted filesystem, Murena launches Fairphone 4 in North America, Fedora debates telemetry for desktop team |
| • Issue 1026 (2023-07-03): Kumander Linux 1.0, Red Hat changing its approach to sharing source code, TrueNAS offers SMB Multichannel, Zorin OS introduces upgrade utility |
| • Issue 1025 (2023-06-26): KaOS with Plasma 6, information which can leak from desktop environments, Red Hat closes door on sharing RHEL source code, SUSE introduces new security features |
| • Issue 1024 (2023-06-19): Debian 12, a safer way to use dd, Debian releases GNU/Hurd 2023, Ubuntu 22.10 nears its end of life, FreeBSD turns 30 |
| • Issue 1023 (2023-06-12): openSUSE 15.5 Leap, the differences between independent distributions, openSUSE lengthens Leap life, Murena offers new phone for North America |
| • Issue 1022 (2023-06-05): GetFreeOS 2023.05.01, Slint 15.0-3, Liya N4Si, cleaning up crowded directories, Ubuntu plans Snap-based variant, Red Hat dropping LireOffice RPM packages |
| • Issue 1021 (2023-05-29): rlxos GNU/Linux, colours in command line output, an overview of Void's unique features, how to use awk, Microsoft publishes a Linux distro |
| • Issue 1020 (2023-05-22): UBports 20.04, finding another machine's IP address, finding distros with a specific kernel, Debian prepares for Bookworm |
| • Issue 1019 (2023-05-15): Rhino Linux (Beta), checking which applications reply on a package, NethServer reborn, System76 improving application responsiveness |
| • Issue 1018 (2023-05-08): Fedora 38, finding relevant manual pages, merging audio files, Fedora plans new immutable edition, Mint works to fix Secure Boot issues |
| • Issue 1017 (2023-05-01): Xubuntu 23.04, Debian elects Project Leaders and updates media, systemd to speed up restarts, Guix System offering ground-up source builds, where package managers install files |
| • Issue 1016 (2023-04-24): Qubes OS 4.1.2, tracking bandwidth usage, Solus resuming development, FreeBSD publishes status report, KaOS offers preview of Plasma 6 |
| • Issue 1015 (2023-04-17): Manjaro Linux 22.0, Trisquel GNU/Linux 11.0, Arch Linux powering PINE64 tablets, Ubuntu offering live patching on HWE kernels, gaining compression on ex4 |
| • Issue 1014 (2023-04-10): Quick looks at carbonOS, LibreELEC, and Kodi, Mint polishes themes, Fedora rolls out more encryption plans, elementary OS improves sideloading experience |
| • Issue 1013 (2023-04-03): Alpine Linux 3.17.2, printing manual pages, Ubuntu Cinnamon becomes official flavour, Endeavour OS plans for new installer, HardenedBSD plans for outage |
| • Issue 1012 (2023-03-27): siduction 22.1.1, protecting privacy from proprietary applications, GNOME team shares new features, Canonical updates Ubuntu 20.04, politics and the Linux kernel |
| • Issue 1011 (2023-03-20): Serpent OS, Security Onion 2.3, Gentoo Live, replacing the scp utility, openSUSE sees surge in downloads, Debian runs elction with one candidate |
| • Issue 1010 (2023-03-13): blendOS 2023.01.26, keeping track of which files a package installs, improved network widget coming to elementary OS, Vanilla OS changes its base distro |
| • Issue 1009 (2023-03-06): Nemo Mobile and the PinePhone, matching the performance of one distro on another, Linux Mint adds performance boosts and security, custom Ubuntu and Debian builds through Cubic |
| • Issue 1008 (2023-02-27): elementary OS 7.0, the benefits of boot environments, Purism offers lapdock for Librem 5, Ubuntu community flavours directed to drop Flatpak support for Snap |
| • Issue 1007 (2023-02-20): helloSystem 0.8.0, underrated distributions, Solus team working to repair their website, SUSE testing Micro edition, Canonical publishes real-time edition of Ubuntu 22.04 |
| • Issue 1006 (2023-02-13): Playing music with UBports on a PinePhone, quick command line and shell scripting questions, Fedora expands third-party software support, Vanilla OS adds Nix package support |
| • Issue 1005 (2023-02-06): NuTyX 22.12.0 running CDE, user identification numbers, Pop!_OS shares COSMIC progress, Mint makes keyboard and mouse options more accessible |
| • Issue 1004 (2023-01-30): OpenMandriva ROME, checking the health of a disk, Debian adopting OpenSnitch, FreeBSD publishes status report |
| • Issue 1003 (2023-01-23): risiOS 37, mixing package types, Fedora seeks installer feedback, Sparky offers easier persistence with USB writer |
| • Issue 1002 (2023-01-16): Vanilla OS 22.10, Nobara Project 37, verifying torrent downloads, Haiku improvements, HAMMER2 being ports to NetBSD |
| • Issue 1001 (2023-01-09): Arch Linux, Ubuntu tests new system installer, porting KDE software to OpenBSD, verifying files copied properly |
| • Issue 1000 (2023-01-02): Our favourite projects of all time, Fedora trying out unified kernel images and trying to speed up shutdowns, Slackware tests new kernel, detecting what is taking up disk space |
| • Issue 999 (2022-12-19): Favourite distributions of 2022, Fedora plans Budgie spin, UBports releasing security patches for 16.04, Haiku working on new ports |
| • Issue 998 (2022-12-12): OpenBSD 7.2, Asahi Linux enages video hardware acceleration on Apple ARM computers, Manjaro drops proprietary codecs from Mesa package |
| • Issue 997 (2022-12-05): CachyOS 221023 and AgarimOS, working with filenames which contain special characters, elementary OS team fixes delta updates, new features coming to Xfce |
| • Issue 996 (2022-11-28): Void 20221001, remotely shutting down a machine, complex aliases, Fedora tests new web-based installer, Refox OS running on real hardware |
| • Issue 995 (2022-11-21): Fedora 37, swap files vs swap partitions, Unity running on Arch, UBports seeks testers, Murena adds support for more devices |
| • Issue 994 (2022-11-14): Redcore Linux 2201, changing the terminal font size, Fedora plans Phosh spin, openSUSE publishes on-line manual pages, disabling Snap auto-updates |
| • Issue 993 (2022-11-07): Static Linux, working with just a kernel, Mint streamlines Flatpak management, updates coming to elementary OS |
| • Full list of all issues |
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| Random Distribution | 
LinuxTLE
LinuxTLE was a community Linux distribution developed in Thailand and designed for the Thai speaking audience. The early versions were based on Red Hat Linux and Fedora, but starting with version 8.0, the developers have chosen Ubuntu as the distribution's new base system.
Status: Discontinued
|
| Tips, Tricks, Q&As | | Questions and answers: Dividing an archive across multiple discs |
| Tips and tricks: Shell switching, battery charge, getting the system's IP address and dealing with stubborn processes |
| Tips and tricks: Basename, for loop, dirname, aliases, bash history, xsel clipboard |
| Questions and answers: The future of OpenSolaris |
| Questions and answers: Moving operating system to new computer |
| Questions and answers: Notifications of news and new versions |
| Tips and tricks: Navigating multiple shells |
| Tips and tricks: Advanced file systems, network traffic, running a script at login/logout |
| Questions and answers: Separate /home partition and dual booting performance |
| Tips and tricks: (Xfce) interface woes |
| More Tips & Tricks and Questions & Answers |
| TUXEDO |
TUXEDO Computers - Linux Hardware in a tailor made suite
Choose from a wide range of laptops and PCs in various sizes and shapes at TUXEDOComputers.com. Every machine comes pre-installed and ready-to-run with Linux. Full 24 months of warranty and lifetime support included!
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| Star Labs |
Star Labs - Laptops built for Linux.
View our range including the highly anticipated StarFighter. Available with coreboot open-source firmware and a choice of Ubuntu, elementary, Manjaro and more. Visit Star Labs for information, to buy and get support.
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