 DistroWatch Weekly |
| DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 460, 11 June 2012 |
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Welcome to this year's 24th issue of DistroWatch Weekly!
Diversity is a key characteristic of open source software, not only in the code, but in the ideas and the people. People who work on Linux and BSD come from all around the world and bring with them a wide range of ideas, values and ways of looking at things. Users in open source communities
never need to settle for the "one size fits all" approach because there is always someone, somewhere, trying something new. This week we focus on that diversity by sharing the words of several developers and leaders from different projects.
In our news section we link to a podcast featuring PC-BSD's
Kris Moore, an article by Canonical's Chase Douglas on the subject of multitouch interfaces,
a blog post from Red Hat's Tim Burke who talks about secure booting and we link to an in-depth interview with Slackware's Patrick Volkerding on the origins and development model behind the world's oldest surviving Linux distribution.
Also in this issue we look at the latest release of the cutting-edge Fedora distribution and find out what new technologies are coming out of the Red Hat backed community project. Then Jesse Smith takes us on a brief tour of two other, lesser known projects readers have asked about and reports on his findings. As usual we round out the issue with a list of distributions released last week and a schedule of exciting new releases to come. We here at DistroWatch wish you a pleasant week and
happy reading!
Content:
Listen to the Podcast edition of this week's DistroWatch Weekly in OGG (32MB) and MP3 (28MB) formats
 Join us at irc.freenode.net #distrowatch
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| Feature Story (by Jesse Smith) |
A Look At A New Hat -- Fedora 17
Fedora 17, the "Beefy Miracle", was released on May 29 and, as usual, was presented in a number of different flavours and builds. Besides the default GNOME spin there are also custom spins for KDE, Xfce and LXDE enthusiasts. There are other, more specialized spins too, including a Games spin and a Security spin. Each of the various flavours is available in 32-bit and 64-bit builds. Faced with so many options I asked DistroWatch readers to vote on which edition should be featured in this review and the result was close with the KDE spin narrowly beating out Xfce's for first place.
While waiting for my KDE live CD to finish downloading I took some time to read through the project's detailed release notes. There is a good deal of information to be found in the Fedora documentation and I'd like to just touch on some of the highlights for this release. Despite its appearance in the previous Fedora release, the Btrfs file system is not available at install time for Fedora 17, but we're assured it can be added post-install. (Btrfs is expected to return as an install-time option in Fedora 18.) Also in regards to file systems the ext4 file system should now work with partitions up to 100TB in size. New containers have been added, providing separate sandboxes for services, allowing multiple versions or configurations of the same service to be run. The systemd init system has been improved and now allows processes started at boot time to have their own private temporary (tmp) spaces, providing improved security and isolation. A feature has been added to SELinux which will optionally prevent users from running debugging tools to read the memory of processes. The GNOME packages in Fedora have been updated to GNOME 3.4 and the desktop now supports integrated application menus. The KDE edition comes with a new service called KSecretService, which will allow non-KDE applications to access (with our permission) stored passwords. Additionally Fedora gives pluggable media its own directory with exclusive user access, ensuring the user plugging in removable devices has control over their data. Last, but not least, Fedora has improved support for multi-seat configurations, allowing multiple users to use one computer by attaching additional docking stations.
The live disc weighs in at a little under 700MB and booting from the CD brings us to a KDE 4.8 desktop. The background is decorated with fireworks and a folder view widget sits on the desktop, containing an icon for the system installer. At the bottom of the screen we find the application menu, task switcher and system tray.
Fedora 17 -- The system installer.
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The Fedora installer, Anaconda, hasn't changed a whole lot over the years. It runs us through the usual steps, asking us to confirm our keyboard layout, set a hostname, confirm our time zone and create a password for the root account. In the partitioning section we're given a good deal of options. Anaconda can use free space on the disk, shrink existing partitions and use the resulting space, overwrite an existing install or we can choose to manually set up our partitions. The manual option is fairly well laid out and, again, comes with many options. We can opt to set up RAID or LVM, we can encrypt partitions and we can choose to create new ext2, ext3, ext4 and XFS partitions. The last time I installed Fedora it insisted on having a special BIOS boot partition, and I was pleased to find this is no longer a requirement with Fedora 17. However, the installer does still insist on the root partition being formatted with the ext4 file system. Our last step with Anaconda is to confirm we want to install a boot loader (GRUB 2) and then the system goes to work copying over the required files to the hard drive. The only hiccup I encountered with the install process was when I first started using the live CD I accidentally launched the installer before I was ready and opted to close the installer's window, at which point the system rebooted, rather than just close Anaconda. That surprise reboot aside, the process of testing the live CD and installing Fedora was smooth.
When we boot into Fedora for the first time we're presented with a wizard which asks us to configure a few key points of the system. We are shown licensing information and then asked to create a regular user account. We're then asked to set the current date & time or, alternatively, enable network time syncing. The last screen of the wizard invites us to send a hardware profile to the Fedora project to let the developers know what hardware needs to be supported.
Once the wizard is finished we are shown a pleasant blue graphical login screen. Logging in displays the KDE 4.8 desktop. It's a fairly laid back presentation. There are no pop-ups, no welcome messages, just some icons on the desktop for browsing the file system. The first time I logged in I found the desktop environment to be quite sluggish. Some investigation revealed this lack of performance was caused by a combination of several things happening at once. The operating system was running prelinking, indexing my files & folders, checking for updates and desktop effects were enabled. Once I turned off effects and indexing and gave the updating and prelinking processes a chance to finish, Fedora became quite responsive. This initial sluggishness only happened the first time I logged in and performance remained high as the week progressed.
In Fedora's application menu we find a variety of software, much of it sticking to the KDE theme of the spin. We're provided with the Konqueror web browser, KMail, the Blogilo blogging client, the Konversation IRC client, desktop sharing applications and KTorrent. Network connections are managed by the Network Manager service. The Calligra office suite is available, as are KThesaurus, Amarok for playing music, the k3b disc burner and the Dragon multimedia player. The KDE system settings utility lets us adjust the graphical environment and we are provided with the KDE user documentation. There is a tool for transferring ISO images to USB thumb drives and the usual minor apps for editing text files, managing archives and running simple calculations. The KGpg and Kleopatra privacy tools are included along with a few small games. Fedora comes with a collection of system administration programs for configuring user authentication, managing the system's firewall, enabling/disabling services, managing the clock and handling user accounts. There's no Flash plugin in the default install, nor popular multimedia codecs, nor compiler. Attempting to play a media file would cause the multimedia application to offer to hunt down the proper codecs for us. Sometimes it was successful, but in most cases it came up empty. Fedora's repositories do not include many codecs and no proprietary software, such as Flash. The Fedora documentation suggests we visit third-party repositories to find these items and provides a link to RPMFusion. After enabling the free and non-free RPMFusion repositories (and the Adobe repository) I found the media players were still unable to find the codecs I wanted and I had to manually select the required packages from the distro's package manager. Looking under the hood we find Fedora comes with version 3.3 of the Linux kernel.
A few minutes after logging into my Fedora account a small notification appeared letting me know updated packages were available. The day after Fedora 17 was released there were 93 updates waiting to be applied. The Apper application handles updates, displaying a list of available packages and letting us check off any we do not want. As the week progressed I found all of the Fedora updates (around 160 or so in total) applied quickly and cleanly. Package management is also handled by the Apper application. The manager displays software categories in one large display area and we can click on a category's icon to browse the software present in that category. Items can also be found by searching for them by name. We can queue packages to be added or removed with the click of a button and, when we're ready, all of our actions are processed at once, locking the package manager. I found Apper provided a good front-end for package management. It was fairly responsive and I found its interface to be simple and straight forward. Sometimes Apper was a little slow when refreshing its repository information, but otherwise using it was a positive experience. For users who prefer working from a terminal, Fedora comes with the YUM package manager. I found YUM worked quickly and without any problems. I especially like that the package manager supports delta RPMs, which means when applying updates we only download the pieces of packages which have changed, rather than downloading the entire package again. This greatly reduces the amount of bandwidth used when downloading new versions of packages.
Fedora 17 -- Updating software packages.
(full image size: 249kB, resolution: 1366x768 pixels)
I ran Fedora 17 on my HP laptop (dual-core 2GHz CPU, 3GB of RAM, Intel video card) and observed that it performed well with my hardware. Boot times were good, the desktop was responsive and all of my devices, including my Intel wireless card, were picked up and worked without any problems. Sound worked out of the box and my screen was automatically set to its maximum resolution. Logging in and sitting at the KDE desktop without running any additional applications used approximately 230MB of memory.
During the week I also tried Fedora's latest release in a VirtualBox environment and experienced similar results. The only drawback to using the virtual environment was that the desktop effects, when enabled, slowed down the desktop's responsiveness. When effects were disabled Fedora ran smoothing in the virtual machine.
Most of my impressions of the KDE spin of Fedora's latest release have been positive. The desktop environment is quick and stable, the Apper package manager worked smoothly and quickly. As usual, Fedora's administrative tools were useful and problem free. The admin utilities may not be as pretty as Mageia's or Ubuntu's configuration tools, but they are quite powerful and system administers should feel right at home. The documentation provided is detailed and it's good to see minor improvements to security, such as removable media mounting and new SELinux features. I noticed the problems I'd experienced with the system installer in previous versions, such as stalling and cryptic error messages, were not present in this release and it was good to see the venerable Anaconda receiving some polish.
Fedora 17 -- Adjusting system settings.
(full image size: 347kB, resolution: 1366x768 pixels)
There were a few issues I ran into, not bugs for the most part, but design choices that didn't suit me. As I've mentioned before the Fedora installer doesn't allow users to choose their root file system, something most other distributions (including Sabayon, which also uses the Anaconda installer) support. Getting third-party repositories is a bit more of a run around in Fedora compared to distributions like Mageia, Debian or Ubuntu. However, my big concern with regards to this spin is that in trying to be a pure KDE platform the distribution sacrifices a good deal of functionality to maintain its purity. It is the same concern, really, as I had when running Chakra. Fedora's KDE spin contains applications for most tasks, but they're probably not the applications users will want. Konqueror, Amarok, the Calligra office suite, Dragon Player and KolourPaint all have basic functionality, but not on the same level as Firefox, Rhythmbox, LibreOffice, VLC and the GNU Image Manipulation Program. I realize swapping these applications would taint the KDE spin, but I think the added functionality would be welcome. If memory serves, the other Fedora spins are similarly faithful to their particular desktop environments and I think it would be nice to see a more practical live CD spin, one that was a bit more general purpose and a little less dedicated to one environment.
What my experience this week really boiled down to was I spent a lot of time up front getting Fedora arranged the way I wanted it -- after the initial install, I applied over 90 updates, turned off various effects, disabled indexing and workspace features, tracked down three third-party repositories and spent a few hours downloading all of the pieces of software and codecs I wanted. In short, it's a more involved process than the install-and-go experience I usually have with big name distributions. However, once everything was in place I found Fedora to be a solid, cutting-edge distribution with useful tools, good documentation and an active forum community. The administration tools in particular are quite good, Apper provided a better package management experience than I usually have on RPM-based distributions and the security improvements (as provided by SELinux and systemd) didn't get in the way. It may take a little while to get Fedora 17 to a point where it feels comfortable, but it's a good platform once the furniture is rearranged.
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| Miscellaneous News |
Interviews with PC-BSD and Slackware leaders, the ongoing secure boot saga and the status of multitouch on Linux
PC-BSD, the desktop-oriented operating system based on FreeBSD, is gearing up for a new stable release. Version 9.1 of PC-BSD is currently in development and will come with a number of improvements. Some of the new features will include better ZFS support, including ZFS mirror creation during installation, management of software jails via the graphical interface and a PC-BSD server option which includes PBI utilities. Project leader Kris Moore recently gave an interview with BSDTalk and the podcast can be downloaded from BSDTalk's website.
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The developers at Canonical, the commercial entity behind the Ubuntu distribution, have a tendency to experiment. One of their on-going projects is to bring advanced touch interfaces to the Linux desktop, whether those interfaces take the form of touch screens or trackpads. Canonical's project, uTouch, builds on top of the work done by the X.org project to detect and support touch devices. Chase Douglas, a developer with Canonical, suggests, "Soon we will be carrying around multitouch tablets with a traditional Linux desktop or similar foundation. In order to provide a high-quality and rich experience we must fully exploit multitouch gestures. The uTouch stack developed by Canonical aims to provide a foundation for gestures on the Linux desktop." When combined with Canonical's work with Android phones the future looks promising for people who wish to run Linux on their mobile devices.
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Last week we linked to a blog post from Matthew Garrett, an employee at Red Hat, who talked about secure boot and how the Fedora team was planning to handle it. As one of the options being explored involves working with Microsoft the reactions which rippled through the Linux community were predictable. In an effort to clear up any misunderstanding Tim Burke, VP of Linux Engineering at Red Hat, has posted a blog of his own addressing the secure boot and signing key issue. The explanation contains some good news, "In the interest of freedom of choice, some users may not want to utilize this secure boot capability. In the UEFI system menu, they are able to disable the feature and things should operate like they do currently." There's some less pleasant news too. Mr Burke also suggests people wishing to "Take Fedora and rebuild custom variants to meet personal interest or experiment in new innovations... can also participate by simply enrolling in the $99 one time fee to license." And he concludes on the hopeful note: "Suffice it to say that Red Hat would not have endorsed this model if we were not comfortable that it is a good-faith initiative."
 Up to this point we have heard from Red Hat employees and Fedora developers on the subject of supporting secure boot, but what do developers of distributions derived from Fedora think of the move to support secure booting? Chris Smart, the man behind the Kororaa distribution, summed up his thoughts in an e-mail as, "For me, it's sort of like this: If Fedora does not support secure boot, then neither Fedora nor remixes like Kororaa can boot on computers with secure boot enabled
(that's obvious). If Fedora does support secure boot however, then remixes still can't
boot on computers with secure boot enabled (loosely speaking). So actually, there's isn't really any freedom lost to Kororaa. We couldn't run on secure boot machines anyway, whether Fedora
supported secure boot or not. The only advantage is that Fedora can (and
we could too, if we got a key)." Mr Smart goes on to say, "Kororaa will probably require users to disable secure boot if they want to run version 18, that's at least until we can get a clearer picture of what's happening... I think it's important to realise too, that this only affects brand new computers (and those with secure boot enabled by default) -- that's going
to be a small percentage of the user-base who are installing Linux in
the short to medium term."
* * * * *
Patrick Volkerding is the Founder and Benevolent Dictator For Life of the Slackware project, the oldest surviving Linux distribution. In an
interview with LinuxQuestions.org, Patrick Volkerding
discusses how he got involved with Linux and open source two decades ago. He also goes into the succession plan for Slackware, the Slackware development model, his opinion on the current trends in desktop environments, potentially disruptive changes to Linux such as systemd, his favorite beer and the question he wishes interviewers would ask him. Throughout the interview Mr Volkerding displays his characteristic sense of humour and emphasizes his interest in adopting technologies which work and which solve problems, rather than embracing change for change's sake.
* * * * *
 Despite the fact Linux's market share has continued to grow over the years it's not all that often we see desktop machines being shipped with Linux as the default operating system. The Mint team recently partnered with CompuLab to create the mintBox, a small, portable computer specifically designed to work with the Linux Mint distribution. The mintBox is compact and comes with a network port, wireless networking and Bluetooth. The tiny computer features several USB ports (and supports USB 3 connections), HDMI video output, 4GB+ RAM, a 250GB hard drive and a dual-core CPU. According to a blog post from Clement Lefebvre, "Going forward, the mintBox is likely to come pre-installed with Linux Mint 13. Linux Mint 13 Cinnamon is fully functional, with 3D effects, and without the need for ATI drivers on both the mintBox basic and pro models." More details on the mintBox can be found on the Linux Mint website.
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| Questions and Answers (by Jesse Smith) |
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A tale of two projects
Occasionally I get requests to review open source projects and, while I have time to look them over, I find I don't always have enough to say about the experience to warrant a full review. With that in mind this week's column is dedicated to two requests I received to review projects which looked promising. Though both projects appeared to have a lot to offer going in I found my trials to be short and so ended up with two mini-reviews...
Openfiler 2.3
About a month ago when I mentioned doing a series of reviews on open source NAS projects one of the requests I received was to try Openfiler, a product which can be downloaded for free and is backed by commercial support. Looking over the website gave an initial positive impression. The website includes a documentation section, a forum, a link to the project's IRC channel and a number of paid support options are showcased. The Openfiler NAS is available in both 32-bit and 64-bit builds with an ISO image that weighs in at about 315MB.
Booting off the CD brings up a menu asking if we'd like to run a graphical installer or a text installer. I opted for the graphical option. Then we're asked if we'd like to perform a media test on our CD. For a brief moment a screen pops up saying "Welcome to rPath Linux" and then the Anaconda installer launches. The version of Anaconda which comes with Openfiler looks to be a few years old and was probably current around the time Fedora Core 6 was launched. Still, despite its apparent age, the installer does a fine job of walking us through the required screens and features helpful tips down the left side of the window.
The installer asks us to choose our keyboard layout, then we can opt between automatic and manual partitioning. Going with the automatic option allows the user to review and edit the installer's choices, providing us with a safe path through the partitioning process. Anaconda supports LVM layouts, RAID, the ext2 and ext3 file systems as well as ReiserFS and XFS. Newer file systems such as ext4 and Btrfs are not in evidence. We can then choose which, if any, network devices are enabled at boot time and manually configure them. We then select our location and time zone and conclude by setting a password for the root account. The whole process was fairly straight forward and the installer copied over the required files quickly.
Booting from the local hard disk brings us to a text screen. We're shown links to the project's forum, commercial support options and license. We're also given a link to connect with the NAS web interface. Openfiler runs a web server on port 446 and allows HTTPS connections only. While at the NAS's terminal we have the option of logging in as the root user.
Earlier I mentioned the version of Anaconda which is used to install Openfiler appears to be several years old. The more we explore the Openfiler system the more we find old, some might say out of date, software. The boot loader is GRUB Legacy, the kernel is version 2.6.26 and is marked as having been compiled using the GNU Compiler Collection version 3.4 back in 2009. Further exploration reveals no common package management tools, no manual pages and no compilers. The nmap port scanner is available as are common GNU command line utilities. Aside from the web server we also find a secure shell server and Sendmail running on the default install.
Switching over to the web interface we're greeted with a login screen. Here we can use the root username/password to login or, if we have created a regular user account from the command line interface, we can alternatively login with another account. Logging into the web interface shows us the current system load at the top of the screen and a list of hyperlinks. These links are for logging out, showing more status information on the NAS, checking for updates and shutting down the NAS. Clicking on the Status and Update links I found didn't produce any effect.
In the middle of the web portal screen we see an alert box warning us our account will expire in 15 days (This warning displays regardless of which account we use to login.) The web interface contains no controls for adding volumes to the NAS, no account management options aside from changing our password, no way to manage services, no detailed status information.... We can bring up a panel which will let us set quota limits on existing volumes, but that appears to be the web portal's only NAS-related feature. A quick look at the screen shots provided on the project's website show menus for performing additional tasks, but these menus didn't appear in my interface, regardless of which web browser I used. Further browsing of the Openfiler website shows there are articles on performing an install of the NAS, but no documents dealing with operating Openfiler post-install. No tutorials are provided for adding or managing volumes. I did find a link to purchase the project's Administrator Guide, which costs 40 Euros to download.
Openfiler 2.3 -- Web interface
(full image size: 63kB, resolution: 1366x710 pixels)
At this point I got the strong impression Openfiler was a zombie, a project which had started off with a nice website and goals of commercial success, but that had faded away a few years ago and no one had bothered to mention it on the website. I did find the community forum to be semi-active and there are announcements about upcoming versions still being posted (though no evidence new stable versions have been released) and there was a notice about the project's bug tracker moving to Launchpad, but following the link shows the Launchpad account doesn't exist. I also noted most of the recent posts were spam. If Openfiler is an active or useful project the developers are doing a very good job of hiding it.
So far in the past two months I've experimented with three open source NAS solutions and, while each had its strong points, each one also had noticeable gaps in its features or functionality. Putting aside Openfiler, where the current stable release is outdated and doesn't appear to do anything (at least not without paying out unusually large sums of money), I previously looked at FreeNAS (a FreeBSD-based option) and OpenMediaVault (a Debian GNU/Linux option). The former was solid and had some nice features and great ZFS support, but I felt it lacked flexibility and its web portal could have been touched up a bit. OpenMediaVault has a great interface and is quite flexible, but I found updating and changing features through the web interface was a hit-or-miss experience. While both are basically good and I'm sure these NAS projects will improve over time, I think there is still room in the open source NAS market for a flexible, secure, user-friendly solution. Working as a developer on NAS operating systems might not have the immediate appeal of creating desktop distributions, but we have hundreds of open source desktop distributions. We have very few NAS solutions and it is a niche which still has room for growth and refinement.
FuguIta (Blowfish Disk) 5.0
I'd now like to talk briefly about another project. One of our readers wrote in and asked if I'd cover one of the live CDs based off the OpenBSD project. The project from their list of suggestions which seemed to be the most promising, that is the one which still appeared to have active developers, was FuguIta. The name, according to the project's website, means "blowfish disk". FuguIta is designed to provide users with a working install of OpenBSD which runs entirely from a CD. Apart from the base OpenBSD platform, FuguIta includes a graphical window manager (IceWM), an e-mail client, web browser and media player.
The downloadable ISO for FuguIta is compressed and about 300MB in size. Once the file has been downloaded and uncompressed it expands to nearly 700MB. I'm sorry to say this is where I hit a wall. I tried booting from the CD in a couple of machines and couldn't get it to progress as far as the configuration screen, a surprise as plain OpenBSD will start on this same equipment. Still, despite my poor luck with the disc, if you can get it to run the documentation and screen shots provided by the FuguIta project look promising. It could be a good way to test the waters of OpenBSD.
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| Released Last Week |
Snowlinux 2 "Cinnamon"
Lars Torben Kremer has announced the release of Snowlinux 2 "Cinnamon" edition, an Ubuntu-based desktop Linux distribution: "The team is proud to announce the release of Snowlinux 2 'Cream' 'Cinnamon'. Snowlinux 2 'Cream' is based upon the LTS edition Ubuntu 12.04 and is supported for 5 years until April 2017. New features: Linux kernel 3.2; Cinnamon 1.4-UP3; GNOME 3.4; Chromium browser 18; Thunderbird 13 and Firefox 13; Cinnamon themes; terminal colors; open as administrator; open in terminal; better software selection; improved speed and response; new look and feel; system improvements." Read the rest of the release announcement for additional information.
2X OS 7.1
2X Software has announced the release of 2X OS 7.1, a specialist Linux-based operating system for thin clients: "2X Software today announced the release of 2X OS 7.1 featuring a light, straightforward, efficient and visually pleasing Linux operating system offering a variety of connectivity clients including 2X RDP, Citrix ICA, VMware View, VNC and Linux NX and HTML. The new 2X OS v7.1 offers both simple and advanced desktop implementation depending on the user experience, requirements and hardware capacities. The Simple Desktop Manager for compact installations between 1 GB and 1.5 GB enables a full operating system to run on older hardware. This implementation has very little memory usage and is also suitable for very low specification thin clients. The Advanced Desktop Manager features local applications such as a media player, text editor, task manager, calculator and file manager." See the press release for further details.
Sabayon Linux 9
Fabio Erculiani has announced the release of Sabayon Linux 9, a Gentoo-based distribution for desktops and servers: "We're once again here to announce the immediate availability of Sabayon 9 in all of its tier 1 flavours. If you really enjoyed Sabayon 8, this is just another step towards world domination. There you have it, shining at full bright, for your home computer, your laptop and your home server. Linux kernel 3.4, GNOME 3.2.3, KDE 4.8.3, Xfce 4.10, LibreOffice 3.5.3 are just some of the things you will find inside the box. Gentoo Hardened features, Rigo -- a new way of browsing applications, ZFS tech-preview, and PAE kernel for x86 editions." Here is the full release announcement.
SystemRescueCd 2.8.0
SystemRescueCd 2.8.0, a Gentoo-based live CD with specialist utilities for data rescue and disk management tasks, has been released. What's new? "Updated standard kernels to long-term supported Linux 3.2.19 (rescuecd + rescue64); updated alternative kernels to latest stable Linux 3.4.2 (altker32 + altker64); fixed USB installer script for Linux: usb_inst.sh; updated GPT fdisk to 0.8.5 (fdisk utility for GPT partition tables); updated FSArchiver to 0.6.15 to support recent features in Btrfs and ext4 file systems; updated firmware files in the initramfs from Linux firmware 20120502; Updated DBAN to 2.2.6 (hard drive disk wipe and data clearing program); updated GRUB 2 bootloader to 2.00beta6 (GRUB 0.97 is also provided); updated list of kernel modules to put in the initramfs (storage and network); do not attempt to find sysrcd.dat on extended partitions." Here is the complete changelog.
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Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
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| Upcoming Releases and Announcements |
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Summary of expected upcoming releases
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| DistroWatch.com News |
DistroWatch database summary
* * * * *
This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 18 June 2012. To contact the authors please send email to:
- Jesse Smith (feedback, questions and suggestions: distribution reviews, questions and answers, tips and tricks)
- Ladislav Bodnar (feedback, questions, suggestions and corrections: news, donations, distribution submissions, comments)
- Bruce Patterson (feedback and suggestions: podcast edition)
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| Archives |
| • Issue 1122 (2025-05-19): GoboLinux 017.01, RHEL 10.0 and Debian 12 updates, openSUSE retires YaST, running X11 apps on Wayland |
| • Issue 1121 (2025-05-12): Bluefin 41, custom file manager actions, openSUSE joins End of 10 while dropping Deepin desktop, Fedora offers tips for building atomic distros, Ubuntu considers replacing sudo with sudo-rs |
| • Issue 1120 (2025-05-05): CachyOS 250330, what it means when a distro breaks, Kali updates repository key, Trinity receives an update, UBports tests directory encryption, Gentoo faces losing key infrastructure |
| • Issue 1119 (2025-04-28): Ubuntu MATE 25.04, what is missing from Linux, CachyOS ships OCCT, Debian enters soft freeze, Fedora discusses removing X11 session from GNOME, Murena plans business services, NetBSD on a Wii |
| • Issue 1118 (2025-04-21): Fedora 42, strange characters in Vim, Nitrux introduces new package tools, Fedora extends reproducibility efforts, PINE64 updates multiple devices running Debian |
| • Issue 1117 (2025-04-14): Shebang 25.0, EndeavourOS 2025.03.19, running applications from other distros on the desktop, Debian gets APT upgrade, Mint introduces OEM options for LMDE, postmarketOS packages GNOME 48 and COSMIC, Redox testing USB support |
| • Issue 1116 (2025-04-07): The Sense HAT, Android and mobile operating systems, FreeBSD improves on laptops, openSUSE publishes many new updates, Fedora appoints new Project Leader, UBports testing VoLTE |
| • Issue 1115 (2025-03-31): GrapheneOS 2025, the rise of portable package formats, MidnightBSD and openSUSE experiment with new package management features, Plank dock reborn, key infrastructure projects lose funding, postmarketOS to focus on reliability |
| • Issue 1114 (2025-03-24): Bazzite 41, checking which processes are writing to disk, Rocky unveils new Hardened branch, GNOME 48 released, generating images for the Raspberry Pi |
| • Issue 1113 (2025-03-17): MocaccinoOS 1.8.1, how to contribute to open source, Murena extends on-line installer, Garuda tests COSMIC edition, Ubuntu to replace coreutils with Rust alternatives, Chimera Linux drops RISC-V builds |
| • Issue 1112 (2025-03-10): Solus 4.7, distros which work with Secure Boot, UBports publishes bug fix, postmarketOS considers a new name, Debian running on Android |
| • Issue 1111 (2025-03-03): Orbitiny 0.01, the effect of Ubuntu Core Desktop, Gentoo offers disk images, elementary OS invites feature ideas, FreeBSD starts PinePhone Pro port, Mint warns of upcoming Firefox issue |
| • Issue 1110 (2025-02-24): iodeOS 6.0, learning to program, Arch retiring old repositories, openSUSE makes progress on reproducible builds, Fedora is getting more serious about open hardware, Tails changes its install instructions to offer better privacy, Murena's de-Googled tablet goes on sale |
| • Issue 1109 (2025-02-17): Rhino Linux 2025.1, MX Linux 23.5 with Xfce 4.20, replacing X.Org tools with Wayland tools, GhostBSD moving its base to FreeBSD -RELEASE, Redox stabilizes its ABI, UBports testing 24.04, Asahi changing its leadership, OBS in dispute with Fedora |
| • Issue 1108 (2025-02-10): Serpent OS 0.24.6, Aurora, sharing swap between distros, Peppermint tries Void base, GTK removinglegacy technologies, Red Hat plans more AI tools for Fedora, TrueNAS merges its editions |
| • Issue 1107 (2025-02-03): siduction 2024.1.0, timing tasks, Lomiri ported to postmarketOS, Alpine joins Open Collective, a new desktop for Linux called Orbitiny |
| • Issue 1106 (2025-01-27): Adelie Linux 1.0 Beta 6, Pop!_OS 24.04 Alpha 5, detecting whether a process is inside a virtual machine, drawing graphics to NetBSD terminal, Nix ported to FreeBSD, GhostBSD hosting desktop conference |
| • Issue 1105 (2025-01-20): CentOS 10 Stream, old Flatpak bundles in software centres, Haiku ports Iceweasel, Oracle shows off debugging tools, rsync vulnerability patched |
| • Issue 1104 (2025-01-13): DAT Linux 2.0, Silly things to do with a minimal computer, Budgie prepares Wayland only releases, SteamOS coming to third-party devices, Murena upgrades its base |
| • Issue 1103 (2025-01-06): elementary OS 8.0, filtering ads with Pi-hole, Debian testing its installer, Pop!_OS faces delays, Ubuntu Studio upgrades not working, Absolute discontinued |
| • Issue 1102 (2024-12-23): Best distros of 2024, changing a process name, Fedora to expand Btrfs support and releases Asahi Remix 41, openSUSE patches out security sandbox and donations from Bottles while ending support for Leap 15.5 |
| • Issue 1101 (2024-12-16): GhostBSD 24.10.1, sending attachments from the command line, openSUSE shows off GPU assignment tool, UBports publishes security update, Murena launches its first tablet, Xfce 4.20 released |
| • Issue 1100 (2024-12-09): Oreon 9.3, differences in speed, IPFire's new appliance, Fedora Asahi Remix gets new video drivers, openSUSE Leap Micro updated, Redox OS running Redox OS |
| • Issue 1099 (2024-12-02): AnduinOS 1.0.1, measuring RAM usage, SUSE continues rebranding efforts, UBports prepares for next major version, Murena offering non-NFC phone |
| • Issue 1098 (2024-11-25): Linux Lite 7.2, backing up specific folders, Murena and Fairphone partner in fair trade deal, Arch installer gets new text interface, Ubuntu security tool patched |
| • Issue 1097 (2024-11-18): Chimera Linux vs Chimera OS, choosing between AlmaLinux and Debian, Fedora elevates KDE spin to an edition, Fedora previews new installer, KDE testing its own distro, Qubes-style isolation coming to FreeBSD |
| • Issue 1096 (2024-11-11): Bazzite 40, Playtron OS Alpha 1, Tucana Linux 3.1, detecting Screen sessions, Redox imports COSMIC software centre, FreeBSD booting on the PinePhone Pro, LXQt supports Wayland window managers |
| • Issue 1095 (2024-11-04): Fedora 41 Kinoite, transferring applications between computers, openSUSE Tumbleweed receives multiple upgrades, Ubuntu testing compiler optimizations, Mint partners with Framework |
| • Issue 1094 (2024-10-28): DebLight OS 1, backing up crontab, AlmaLinux introduces Litten branch, openSUSE unveils refreshed look, Ubuntu turns 20
| | • Issue 1093 (2024-10-21): Kubuntu 24.10, atomic vs immutable distributions, Debian upgrading Perl packages, UBports adding VoLTE support, Android to gain native GNU/Linux application support |
| • Issue 1092 (2024-10-14): FunOS 24.04.1, a home directory inside a file, work starts of openSUSE Leap 16.0, improvements in Haiku, KDE neon upgrades its base |
| • Issue 1091 (2024-10-07): Redox OS 0.9.0, Unified package management vs universal package formats, Redox begins RISC-V port, Mint polishes interface, Qubes certifies new laptop |
| • Issue 1090 (2024-09-30): Rhino Linux 2024.2, commercial distros with alternative desktops, Valve seeks to improve Wayland performance, HardenedBSD parterns with Protectli, Tails merges with Tor Project, Quantum Leap partners with the FreeBSD Foundation |
| • Issue 1089 (2024-09-23): Expirion 6.0, openKylin 2.0, managing configuration files, the future of Linux development, fixing bugs in Haiku, Slackware packages dracut |
| • Issue 1088 (2024-09-16): PorteuX 1.6, migrating from Windows 10 to which Linux distro, making NetBSD immutable, AlmaLinux offers hardware certification, Mint updates old APT tools |
| • Issue 1087 (2024-09-09): COSMIC desktop, running cron jobs at variable times, UBports highlights new apps, HardenedBSD offers work around for FreeBSD change, Debian considers how to cull old packages, systemd ported to musl |
| • Issue 1086 (2024-09-02): Vanilla OS 2, command line tips for simple tasks, FreeBSD receives investment from STF, openSUSE Tumbleweed update can break network connections, Debian refreshes media |
| • Issue 1085 (2024-08-26): Nobara 40, OpenMandriva 24.07 "ROME", distros which include source code, FreeBSD publishes quarterly report, Microsoft updates breaks Linux in dual-boot environments |
| • Issue 1084 (2024-08-19): Liya 2.0, dual boot with encryption, Haiku introduces performance improvements, Gentoo dropping IA-64, Redcore merges major upgrade |
| • Issue 1083 (2024-08-12): TrueNAS 24.04.2 "SCALE", Linux distros for smartphones, Redox OS introduces web server, PipeWire exposes battery drain on Linux, Canonical updates kernel version policy |
| • Issue 1082 (2024-08-05): Linux Mint 22, taking snapshots of UFS on FreeBSD, openSUSE updates Tumbleweed and Aeon, Debian creates Tiny QA Tasks, Manjaro testing immutable images |
| • Issue 1081 (2024-07-29): SysLinuxOS 12.4, OpenBSD gain hardware acceleration, Slackware changes kernel naming, Mint publishes upgrade instructions |
| • Issue 1080 (2024-07-22): Running GNU/Linux on Android with Andronix, protecting network services, Solus dropping AppArmor and Snap, openSUSE Aeon Desktop gaining full disk encryption, SUSE asks openSUSE to change its branding |
| • Issue 1079 (2024-07-15): Ubuntu Core 24, hiding files on Linux, Fedora dropping X11 packages on Workstation, Red Hat phasing out GRUB, new OpenSSH vulnerability, FreeBSD speeds up release cycle, UBports testing new first-run wizard |
| • Issue 1078 (2024-07-08): Changing init software, server machines running desktop environments, OpenSSH vulnerability patched, Peppermint launches new edition, HardenedBSD updates ports |
| • Issue 1077 (2024-07-01): The Unity and Lomiri interfaces, different distros for different tasks, Ubuntu plans to run Wayland on NVIDIA cards, openSUSE updates Leap Micro, Debian releases refreshed media, UBports gaining contact synchronisation, FreeDOS celebrates its 30th anniversary |
| • Issue 1076 (2024-06-24): openSUSE 15.6, what makes Linux unique, SUSE Liberty Linux to support CentOS Linux 7, SLE receives 19 years of support, openSUSE testing Leap Micro edition |
| • Issue 1075 (2024-06-17): Redox OS, X11 and Wayland on the BSDs, AlmaLinux releases Pi build, Canonical announces RISC-V laptop with Ubuntu, key changes in systemd |
| • Issue 1074 (2024-06-10): Endless OS 6.0.0, distros with init diversity, Mint to filter unverified Flatpaks, Debian adds systemd-boot options, Redox adopts COSMIC desktop, OpenSSH gains new security features |
| • Issue 1073 (2024-06-03): LXQt 2.0.0, an overview of Linux desktop environments, Canonical partners with Milk-V, openSUSE introduces new features in Aeon Desktop, Fedora mirrors see rise in traffic, Wayland adds OpenBSD support |
| • Issue 1072 (2024-05-27): Manjaro 24.0, comparing init software, OpenBSD ports Plasma 6, Arch community debates mirror requirements, ThinOS to upgrade its FreeBSD core |
| • Issue 1071 (2024-05-20): Archcraft 2024.04.06, common command line mistakes, ReactOS imports WINE improvements, Haiku makes adjusting themes easier, NetBSD takes a stand against code generated by chatbots |
| • Issue 1070 (2024-05-13): Damn Small Linux 2024, hiding kernel messages during boot, Red Hat offers AI edition, new web browser for UBports, Fedora Asahi Remix 40 released, Qubes extends support for version 4.1 |
| • Full list of all issues |
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ArcheOS
ArcheOS stands for Archaeological Operating System. It was a GNU/Linux live DVD distribution (versions 1.x based on PCLinuxOS, versions 2 and 3 on Kubuntu, version 4 on Debian GNU/Linux), with specialist software for archaeological purposes.
Status: Discontinued
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