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NixOS


Last Update: 2023-06-01 14:20 UTC



NixOS is an independently developed GNU/Linux distribution that aims to improve the state of the art in system configuration management. In NixOS, the entire operating system, including the kernel, applications, system packages and configuration files, are built by the Nix package manager. Nix stores all packages in isolation from each other; as a result there are no /bin, /sbin, /lib or /usr directories and all packages are kept in /nix/store instead. Other innovative features of NixOS include reliable upgrades, rollbacks, reproducible system configurations, source-based model with binaries, and multi-user package management. Although NixOS started as a research project, it is now a functional and usable operating system that includes hardware detection, KDE as the default desktop, and systemd for managing system services.

Popularity (hits per day): 12 months: 34 (265), 6 months: 32 (282), 3 months: 43 (246), 4 weeks: 45 (239), 1 week: 38 (245)

Average visitor rating: 8.79/10 from 39 review(s).


NixOS Summary
Distribution NixOS
Home Page https://nixos.org/
Mailing Lists --
User Forums https://discourse.nixos.org/
Alternative User Forums
Documentation https://nixos.wiki/
Screenshots https://nixos.org/nixos/screenshots.htmlDistroWatch Gallery
Screencasts
Download Mirrors https://nixos.org/nixos/download.htmlDistroWatch Torrent Archive
Bug Tracker https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues
Related Websites  
Reviews 22.x: Brian McGeeDistroWatch
20.x: CatGirlDistroWatch
17.x: DistroWatchLinuxFR (French)
15.x: DistroWatch
14.x: LinuxFR (French) • OrdinatechnicLinuxFR (French)
Where To Buy or Try

Recent Related News and Releases
  Releases announcements with download links and checksums:
 • 2023-06-01: Distribution Release: NixOS 23.05
 • 2022-12-01: Distribution Release: NixOS 22.11
 • 2022-05-30: Distribution Release: NixOS 22.05
 • 2021-12-01: Distribution Release: NixOS 21.11
 • 2021-06-02: Distribution Release: NixOS 21.05
 • 2020-10-27: Distribution Release: NixOS 20.09
 • 2020-04-21: Distribution Release: NixOS 20.03
 • 2019-10-09: Distribution Release: NixOS 19.09
 • 2019-04-11: Distribution Release: NixOS 19.03
 • 2018-10-06: Distribution Release: NixOS 18.09
 • 2018-04-04: Distribution Release: NixOS 18.03
 • 2017-10-03: Distribution Release: NixOS 17.09
 • More NixOS releases...

  Headlines:
 • 2022-05-31 NixOS adopts Calamares installer
 • 2021-06-21 NixOS offers install media with reproducible builds
 • More NixOS headlines...

Table Notes and Explanations

(Please refer to the table below.)
  • Select view:
  • To compare the software in this project to the software available in other distributions, please see our Compare Packages page.
  • Notes: In case where multiple versions of a package are shipped with a distribution, only the default version appears in the table. For indication about the GNOME version, please check the "nautilus" and "gnome-shell" packages. The Apache web server is listed as "httpd" and the Linux kernel is listed as "linux". The KDE desktop is represented by the "plasma-desktop" package and the Xfce desktop by the "xfdesktop" package.
  • Colour scheme: green text = latest stable version, red text = development or beta version. The function determining beta versions is not 100% reliable due to a wide variety of versioning schemes.
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Feature unstable 23.05
stoat
22.11
raccoon
22.05
quokka
21.11
porcupine
21.05
okapi
20.09
nightingale
20.03
markhor
19.09
loris
19.03
koi
18.09
jellyfish
17.09
hummingbird
16.09
flounder
16.03
emu
15.09.1012
dingo
14.12.885
caterpillar
14.04.630
baboon
13.10.35728
aardvark
Feature
Release Date 2023-06-01 2023-05-31 2022-12-01 2022-05-30 2021-11-30 2021-06-02 2020-10-27 2020-04-20 2019-10-09 2019-04-11 2018-10-06 2017-10-02 2016-10-03 2016-04-01 2016-02-05 2015-09-27 2015-02-25 2014-07-19 Release Date
End Of Life --     2022-12 2021-12 2021-12 2021-04 2020-10 2020-04                   End Of Life
Price (US$) Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Price (US$)
Image Size (MB) -- 800-2400 800-2400 800-2200 700-2100 600-1900 500-1400 500-1200 500-1200 500-1100 500-1100 300-900             Image Size (MB)
Free Download ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO Free Download
Installation Graphical Graphical Graphical Graphical Graphical Graphical Graphical Graphical Graphical Text mode Text mode Text mode Text mode Text mode Text mode Text mode Text mode Text mode Installation
Default Desktop GNOME, KDE Plasma GNOME, KDE Plasma GNOME, KDE Plasma GNOME, KDE Plasma GNOME, KDE Plasma GNOME, KDE Plasma GNOME, KDE Plasma KDE Plasma KDE Plasma KDE Plasma KDE KDE KDE KDE KDE KDE KDE KDE Default Desktop
Package Management Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Nix Package Management
Release Model Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Release Model
Office Suite -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Calligra, GOffice, LibreOffice Calligra, GOffice, LibreOffice Calligra, GOffice, LibreOffice Calligra, GOffice, LibreOffice Calligra, GOffice, LibreOffice Calligra, GOffice, LibreOffice Calligra, LibreOffice Calligra, LibreOffice Office Suite
Processor Architecture aarch64, i686, x86_64 aarch64, i686, x86_64 aarch64, i686, x86_64 aarch64, i686, x86_64 aarch64, i686, x86_64 aarch64, i686, x86_64 aarch64, i686, x86_64 i686, x86_64 i686, x86_64 aarch64, i686, x86_64 i386, x86_64 i386, x86_64 i386, x86_64 i386, x86_64 i386, x86_64 i386, x86_64 i386, x86_64 i386, x86_64 Processor Architecture
Init Software systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd systemd Init Software
Journaled File Systems                                     Journaled File Systems
Multilingual                                     Multilingual
Asian Language Support                                     Asian Language Support
Full Package List unstable 23.05 22.11 22.05 21.11 21.05 20.09 20.03 19.09 19.03 18.09 17.09 16.09 16.03 15.09.1012 14.12.885 14.04.630 13.10.35728 Full Package List
Package unstable 23.05
stoat
22.11
raccoon
22.05
quokka
21.11
porcupine
21.05
okapi
20.09
nightingale
20.03
markhor
19.09
loris
19.03
koi
18.09
jellyfish
17.09
hummingbird
16.09
flounder
16.03
emu
15.09.1012
dingo
14.12.885
caterpillar
14.04.630
baboon
13.10.35728
aardvark
Package
abiword (3.0.5) 3.0.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.0.2 3.0.1 3.0.1 3.0.1 3.0.1 3.0.0 -- -- abiword (3.0.5)
alsa-lib (1.2.9) 1.2.9 1.2.9 1.2.8 1.2.6 1.2.5.1 1.2.4 1.2.3 1.1.9 1.1.9 1.1.8 1.1.6 1.1.4.1 1.1.1 1.1.0 1.0.29 1.0.28 1.0.27.2 1.0.26 alsa-lib (1.2.9)
amdgpu (23.0.0) 23.0.0 -- 21.0.0 -- 19.1.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- amdgpu (23.0.0)
bash (5.2.15) 5.2-p15 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.1 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3.30 4.2 4.2 bash (5.2.15)
bind (9.18.15) 9.18.14 9.18.14 9.18.8 9.18.3 9.16.16 9.16.16 9.14.12 9.14.11 9.14.4 9.12.3-P1 9.12.2 9.11.2 9.10.4-P3 9.10.3-P4 9.10.3 9.9.5 9.9.5 9.9.5 bind (9.18.15)
chromium (114.0.5735.90) 115.0.5790.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 69.0.3497.81 61.0.3163.79 53.0.2785.116 49.0.2623.110 49.0.2623.28 40.0.2214.115 36.0.1941.0 -- chromium (114.0.5735.90)
cups (2.4.2) 2.4.2 2.4.2 2.4.2 2.4.1 2.3.3 2.3.3 2.3.3 2.3.1 2.2.12 2.2.10 2.2.6 2.2.2 2.1.4 2.1.3 2.0.4 1.7.5 1.5.4 1.5.4 cups (2.4.2)
dhcp (4.4.3-P1) 4.4.3-P1 -- -- -- 4.4.2-P1 4.4.2 4.4.2 4.4.2 4.4.1 4.4.1 4.4.1 4.3.4 4.3.4 4.3.3 4.3.3 4.3.1 4.1-ESV-R6 4.1-ESV-R6 dhcp (4.4.3-P1)
e2fsprogs (1.47.0) 1.47.0 1.46.6 1.46.5 1.46.5 1.46.4 1.46.2 1.45.5 1.45.5 1.45.3 1.44.5 1.44.4 1.43.4 1.42.13 1.42.13 1.42.13 1.42.12 1.42.9 1.42.8 e2fsprogs (1.47.0)
firefox (113.0.2) 114.0b7 113.0.2 107.0.1 100.0.2 94.0.2 88.0.1 82.0 75.0 69.0.1 66.0.2 62.0.3 55.0.3 49.0 45.0.1 43.0.3 39.0.3 34.0.5 25.0.1 firefox (113.0.2)
freetype (2.13.0) 2.13.0 2.13.0 2.12.1 2.12.0 2.11.0 2.10.4 2.10.2 2.10.1 2.10.1 2.9.1 2.9 2.7.1 2.6.5 2.6.2 2.5.4 2.5.3 2.4.12 2.4.12 freetype (2.13.0)
gcc (13.1.0) 13.1.0 12.2.0 11.3.0 9.3.0 10.3.0 10.3.0 9.3.0 9.2.0 8.3.0 7.4.0 7.3.0 6.4.0 5.4.0 5.3.0 5.2.0 4.9.2 4.8.3 4.7.3 gcc (13.1.0)
gimp (2.10.34) 2.10.34 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.10.6 2.8.22 2.8.18 2.8.16 2.8.14 2.8.14 2.8.10 2.8.6 gimp (2.10.34)
glibc (2.37) 2.37 2.37 2.35 2.34 2.33 2.32 2.31 2.30 2.27 2.27 2.27 2.25 2.24 2.23 2.21 2.20 2.19 2.17 glibc (2.37)
gnome-shell (44.1) 44.1 44.1 43.1 42.1 41.1 -- -- -- -- -- 3.28.3 3.24.3 3.20.3 3.18.3 3.16.1 3.12.2 3.10.2.1 -- gnome-shell (44.1)
gnucash (5.1) 5.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.4.15 2.6.12 2.6.12 2.6.9 2.4.15 -- 2.4.15 2.4.15 gnucash (5.1)
gnumeric (1.12.55) 1.12.55 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.12.39 1.12.35 1.12.32 1.12.26 1.12.23 1.12.18 1.12.12 -- gnumeric (1.12.55)
grub (2.06) 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.04 2.04 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.02 20151116 20151116 20150727 2.02git 2.00 2.00 grub (2.06)
gtk (4.10.3) 4.10.3 4.10.3 4.8.2 4.6.4 4.4.1 3.24.27 3.24.21 3.24.13 3.24.10 3.24.5 3.22.28 3.22.8 3.20.9 3.18.5 3.16.6 3.12.2 3.12.2 3.8.8 gtk (4.10.3)
httpd (2.4.57) 2.4.57 2.4.57 2.4.54 2.4.53 2.4.51 -- -- -- -- -- 2.4.34 2.4.27 2.2.31 2.2.31 2.4.16 2.4.16 2.4.10 2.4.7 httpd (2.4.57)
inkscape (1.2.2) 1.2.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.92.3 0.92.2 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.48.5 0.48.4 0.48.4 inkscape (1.2.2)
k3b (23.04.1) 23.04.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 18.08.0 17.08.1 2.0.3a 2.0.3a 2.0.3a 2.0.3a 2.0.2 2.0.2 k3b (23.04.1)
kmod (30) 30 30 30 29 29 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 23 22 21 18 17 12 kmod (30)
krita (5.1.5) 5.1.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.1.1 3.2.1 3.0 -- -- -- -- -- krita (5.1.5)
libreoffice (7.5.3) 7.5.4-wrapped -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.0.5 5.2.6 5.2.0 5.1.0 5.0.1 4.3.5 4.0.5 4.0.5 libreoffice (7.5.3)
linux (6.3.5) 6.4-rc4 6.1.31 5.15.80 5.15.43 5.10.81 5.10.37 5.4.72 5.4.33 4.19.78 4.19.34 4.14.74 4.13.4 4.4.23 4.4.6 3.18.25 3.14.50 3.12.37 3.12.15 linux (6.3.5)
Package unstable 23.05
stoat
22.11
raccoon
22.05
quokka
21.11
porcupine
21.05
okapi
20.09
nightingale
20.03
markhor
19.09
loris
19.03
koi
18.09
jellyfish
17.09
hummingbird
16.09
flounder
16.03
emu
15.09.1012
dingo
14.12.885
caterpillar
14.04.630
baboon
13.10.35728
aardvark
Package
lxpanel (0.10.1) 0.10.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.9.3 0.9.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- lxpanel (0.10.1)
mariadb (10.11.3) 10.11.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.2.17 10.1.26 10.1.17 10.1.9 10.0.22 10.0.15 10.0.11 -- mariadb (10.11.3)
mate-desktop (1.26.1) 1.26.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.20.0 1.18.0 1.15.0 -- -- -- -- -- mate-desktop (1.26.1)
mesa (23.1.1) 23.0.3 23.0.3 22.2.3 22.0.2 21.2.5 21.0.1 20.1.7 19.3.3 19.1.5 18.3.4 18.1.7 17.1.8 12.0.3 11.1.2 10.6.9 10.2.9 10.0.5 9.1.7 mesa (23.1.1)
mysql (8.0.33) 8.0.33 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.7.23 5.7.19 5.7.15 5.5.48 5.5.45 5.5.45 5.5.37 5.5.34 mysql (8.0.33)
nautilus (44.2) 44.1 44.1 43.0 42.1.1 41.1 -- -- -- -- -- 3.28.1 3.24.2.1 3.20.2 3.18.5 3.16.2 3.12.2 3.10.1 -- nautilus (44.2)
NVIDIA (530.41.03) 530.41.03 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- NVIDIA (530.41.03)
openbox (3.6.1) 3.6.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.6.1 3.6.1 3.6.1 3.6.1 -- -- -- -- openbox (3.6.1)
openjdk (20.0.1) 19.0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.0.2 8u144 8u122 8u76 8u60 7u65 7u65 7u6 openjdk (20.0.1)
openssh (9.3p1) 9.3p1 9.3p1 9.1p1 9.0p1 8.8p1 8.6p1 8.3p1 8.2p1 7.9p1 7.9p1 7.7p1 7.5p1 7.3p1 7.2p1 6.9p1 6.7p1 6.6p1 6.6p1 openssh (9.3p1)
openssl (3.1.1) 3.0.8 3.0.8d 3.0.7 1.1.1o 1.1.1l 1.1.1k 1.1.1g 1.1.1f 1.1.1d 1.0.2r 1.1.0i 1.1.0f 1.1.0b 1.0.2g 1.0.2f 1.0.1p 1.0.1k 1.0.1g openssl (3.1.1)
perl (5.36.1) 5.36.0 5.36.0 5.36.0 5.34.1 5.34.0 5.32.1 5.32.0 5.30.1 5.30.0 5.28.1 5.24.4 5.24.2 5.22.2 5.22.1 5.22.0 5.20.1 5.16.3 5.16.3 perl (5.36.1)
php (8.2.6) 8.2.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 7.1.22 7.1.8 7.0.11 7.0.2 5.6.16 5.4.44 5.4.35 5.4.23 php (8.2.6)
plasma-desktop (5.27.5) 5.27.5 5.27.5 5.26.4 -- 5.23.3 5.21.5 5.18.5 5.17.5 5.16.5 5.14.5 5.13.4 5.10.5 5.7.4 5.5.5 5.3.2 -- -- -- plasma-desktop (5.27.5)
postfix (3.8.0) 3.8.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.3.1 3.1.3 3.1.2 2.11.5 2.11.5 2.11.3 2.8.12 2.8.12 postfix (3.8.0)
postgresql (15.3) 15.3 14.8 14.6 14.3 13.4 11.11 11.9 11.7 9.6.15 9.6.12 10.5 9.6.5 9.5.4 9.5.1 9.4.5 9.4.4 9.3.5 9.2.6 postgresql (15.3)
Python (3.11.3) 3.11.3 3.10.11 3.10.8 3.9.12 3.9.6 3.8.9 3.8.5 3.7.6 3.7.4 3.7.3 3.7.0 3.6.2 3.5.2 3.5.1 3.4.4 3.4.2 2.7.8 2.7.6 Python (3.11.3)
qt (6.5.1) 6.5.1 6.5.1 5.15.7 -- 5.15.3 5.15.2 5.12.7 5.12.7 5.12.0 5.12.0 5.11.1 5.9.1 5.7.0 5.5.1 5.3.2 4.8.6 4.8.6 4.8.6 qt (6.5.1)
samba (4.18.3) 4.17.7 4.17.7 4.17.3 4.15.5 4.15.1 4.14.4 4.12.6 4.11.5 4.10.8 4.7.12 4.7.9 4.6.7 4.3.11 4.3.6 4.2.3 3.6.25 3.6.24 3.6.22 samba (4.18.3)
systemd (253.4) 253.3 253.3 251.7 250.4 249.5 247.6 246.4 243 243 239 239 234 231 229 217 217 212 203 systemd (253.4)
thunderbird (102.11.2) 102.10.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 60.2.1 52.3.0 45.3.0 38.7.0 38.3.0 31.7.0 24.5.0 17.0.11 thunderbird (102.11.2)
vim (9.0) 9.0 9.0 9.0 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 vim (9.0)
vlc (3.0.18) 3.0.18 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.0.4 2.2.6 2.2.4 2.2.2 2.2.1 2.1.5 2.1.4 2.1.1 vlc (3.0.18)
wayland (1.22.0) 1.22.0 1.22.0 1.21.0 1.20.0 1.19.0 1.19.0 1.18.0 1.17.0 1.17.0 1.16.0 1.15.0 1.12.0 1.11.0 1.9.0 1.8.1 1.6.0 1.4.0 1.3.0 wayland (1.22.0)
xfdesktop (4.18.1) 4.18.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.12.3 4.12.3 4.12.3 4.12.3 4.12.2 4.10.3 4.10.2 4.10.2 xfdesktop (4.18.1)
xorg-server (21.1.8) 21.1.8 21.1.8 1.20.14 21.1.3 1.20.13 1.20.11 1.20.8 1.20.8 1.20.5 1.20.4 1.19.6 1.19.3 1.18.3 1.17.4 1.17.2 1.16.4 1.14.7 1.13.4 xorg-server (21.1.8)

Reader Ratings
Reader supplied reviews for NixOS

Average rating
8.8
from 39 review(s)



What are your thoughts on NixOS?
Please include a few pros and a few cons, along with your overall impression of the operating system.
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Version:

Rating:    out of 10

Your review (minimum 250 words):




Past reviews - sort by:

Version: 22.05
Rating: 9
Date: 2023-05-02
Votes: 7


Once you start to understand it and liking it, you don't want to leave the Nix ecosystem.

Its most unique feature: the feeling of freedom it provides, allowing users to FEARLESSLY modify configurations without risking system damage.

With the rollback feature, you return to a previous working state as easily as selecting one of your previous NixOS "generation.". That's it!

Although there's a learning curve to Nix language, for me the key is to start simple and build upon it gradually.

The most complex type, a set, (think of it a some named fields containing a value that is either a string, an interger, a version number, a url, a function... or again a set) is used super-frequently, but understanding it makes mastering the Nix language and ecosystem really achievable.

As you become familiar with it (just play with it regularly), you'll realize Nix Language is DIFFERENT, not DIFFICULT.

With my last laptop I began using Ubuntu for convenience, but soon installed the Nix package manager due to its advantages in development. Eventually, I re-installed NixOS in dual boot and haven't looked back since. Now, I even consider only using Ubuntu as containers within NixOS.

In summary, NixOS offers an unparalleled sense of freedom and flexibility, making it a worthwhile endeavor for those willing to learn its unique language.

Last advice for novices: Dont mistake Nix Language syntax with C/Java/Javascript. Here curly braces and semi-colons means a set, it's TOTALLY DIFFERENT. Indeed it is so much SIMPLER... but hey... different...



Was this review helpful? Yes No
Version: unstable
Rating: 10
Date: 2023-04-08
Votes: 6


A bit of a learning curve, but once you get your head around it, it's by far the most exciting, promising and technically sound distro you'll ever use.

You are not convinced? Try nix-shell -p supertuxkart and play the game without installing it permanently on your system!

Still not sure? Then copy your configuaration.nix file from your github repository and reproduce your system to any computer you like.

And the list goes on... I haven't even touched on the experimental features, such as flakes!


Was this review helpful? Yes No
Version: 22.11
Rating: 7
Date: 2023-04-01
Votes: 2


This is an extreme operating system that I want to love. I'm grateful it exists. I really like the nix package manager. That said, unless you have already made the investment, you are going to spend a lot more time than you want to learning how to work around NixOS. In many respects it is NOT gnu/linux, despite meeting the criteria when you look at the kernel and software running on it. That is because it bucks generations of conventions when it comes to how you install and run software. NixOS follows a radical philosophy of dependency management and makes heavy use of linking to create virtual environments. There is no opt-out of this, the operating system is really built this way.

Definitely worth installing on a second machine or as dual boot if you are interested in a long road of learning. Definitely not worth installing as your primary OS if you have used other operating systems (intentionally left broad: eg, Ubuntu, Windows, Gentoo, iOS) before and want something you understand and can use.


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