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Cobind Desktop
Cobind was a software company based in Pittsburgh, USA, whose mission was to simplify the creation of custom Linux distributions to promote the presence of open source technology in the mass market. Based on Fedora Core Linux, Cobind Desktop marries XFce and Nautilus into a cohesive desktop experience featuring Mozilla Firefox and Mozilla Thunderbird. Simple, fast, and familiar, it was the Linux desktop experience built with the typical user in mind. Cobind Desktop was available as an installation CD-ROM or live CD-ROM.
Status: Discontinued
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| Tips, Tricks, Q&As | | Questions and answers: Implementing KDE Connect functionality for PCs |
| Tips and tricks: Find common words in text, find high memory processes, cd short-cuts, pushd & popd, record desktop |
| Tips and tricks: Creating a SOCKS proxy for web browsing |
| Tips and tricks: Advanced file systems, network traffic, running a script at login/logout |
| Questions and answers: Dealing with massive log files being generated |
| Tips and tricks: A safer way to use dd |
| Tips and tricks: Copying columns of text, organizing files, creating torrents |
| Tips and tricks: UBports as a home server with media sharing |
| Questions and answers: Running macOS software and reducing bandwidth |
| Tips and tricks: Finding the right words, sorting filesystem snapshots, truncating audio files |
| More Tips & Tricks and Questions & Answers |
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 Latest News and Updates |
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| 2025-05-30 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Alpine Linux 3.22.0 |
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The Alpine Linux team have announced the release of Alpine Linux 3.22.0 which includes many key package updates along with an adjustment to the boot process. "We are pleased to announce the release of Alpine Linux 3.22.0, the first in the v3.22 stable series. Highlights: LLVM 20; Dovecot 2.4; nginx 1.28; Node.js (lts) 22.16; Ruby 3.4; Rust 1.87; Xen 4.20; BIRD 3.1; Crystal 1.16; Docker 28; GNOME 48; Go 1.24; KDE Plasma 6.3; LXQt 2.2; Significant changes: systemd-efistub replaces gummiboot. The secureboot-hook no longer supports gummiboot-efistub. It now defaults to systemd-efistub (stub-only, no systemd). If you haven't changed efistub_file in /etc/kernel-hooks.d/secureboot.conf, no action is needed. gummiboot-efistub has been moved to testing and is no longer maintained. See the wiki for details." Additional information and upgrade tips can be found in the project's release announcement. Download (pkglist): alpine-standard-3.22.0-x86_64.iso (268MB, SHA256, signature), alpine-extended-3.22.0-x86_64.iso (1,112MB, SHA256, signature). |
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| 2025-05-27 |
NEW • Distribution Release: KaOS 2025.05 |
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KaOS is an independent, rolling-release distribution featuring the KDE Plasma desktop. The project's latest snapshot drops Qt5 support from the default installation and introduces a Nextcloud client. Support for right-to-left languages has been improved in the file maanger. "KaOS is pleased to announce the availability of the May release of a new stable ISO image. For the Plasma desktop, the latest Plasma (6.3.5), KDE Gear (25.04.1) and Frameworks (6.14.0) are included. All built on Qt 6.9.0. Among the many changes included in KDE Gear 25.04 are: Dolphin now comes with initial support for right-to-left written languages, such as Arabic or Hebrew. KRDC allows you to scale down the remote machine's desktop to fit inside KRDC's window, adds support for the domain field in the authentication process, and now works with the new version of the FreeRDP protocol. Okular, KDE's document viewer, ramps up its support for digital signing with support for PGP/GPG based signatures and Falkon can now also block websockets. Latest applications that are now ready to use Qt6 and Frameworks 6 include Frescobaldi, Krita, Kamoso and Calligraplan." The release announcement offers additional details. Download (SHA256): KaOS-2025.05-x86_64.iso (3,840MB, pkglist). |
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| 2025-05-27 |
NEW • Distribution Release: AlmaLinux OS 10.0 |
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The AlmaLinux OS team have announced version 10.0 of their distribution which aims to be compatible with Red Hat Enterprise Linux while also expanding support to a wider range of hardware. "For software developers, frame pointers are critical to diagnosing and optimizing their applications. For those developers that use AlmaLinux as their base, the lack of frame pointers by default is a pain point - one that we are happy to help ease. With AlmaLinux OS 10 we are enabling frame pointers by default. This allows system-wide real-time tracing and profiling for optimizing the performance of any workload running on AlmaLinux. Within the x86-64 architecture, there are versions that represent specific CPU feature sets. With RHEL 10, Red Hat will only support x86-64-v3 and higher, which leaves numerous completely functional CPUs without support in the Enterprise Linux ecosystem. AlmaLinux OS 10 has followed Red Hat’s decision to ship x86-64-v3 optimized binaries by default, but we will also provide an additional x86-64-v2 architecture, allowing users on that older hardware to continue to receive security updates for another 10 years." Additional information can be found in the project's release announcement. Download (SHA256, torrent, pkglist): AlmaLinux-10.0-x86_64_v2-dvd.iso (6,987MB), AlmaLinux-10.0-x86_64_v2-minimal.iso (1,341MB), AlmaLinux-10.0-x86_64_v2-boot.iso (824MB). |
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| 2025-05-26 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Armbian 25.05.1 |
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Armbian is a Linux distribution designed for ARM development boards. It is usually based on one of the stable or development versions of Debian or Ubuntu. One of the big improvements in version 25.05.1 is the expansion of the armbian-config configuration utility. "One of the biggest areas of growth in Armbian 25.5 is the continued evolution of armbian-config, a system utility for configuring Armbian images after installation. Whether setting up a home automation server or managing Docker containers at the edge, armbian-config now offers an impressive set of tools in a modular and approachable interface. Application library: Users can now deploy popular self-hosted applications directly from armbian-config, including Home Assistant, Stirling PDF, Navidrome, Grafana, NetData and Immich. These modules are installed in isolated environments, making them easy to deploy, manage, and remove." Additional details can be found in the project's release announcement. Download options for Armbians many supported devices can be found on the project's download page. The download options for x86_64 computers follow. Download (pkglist): Armbian_25.5.1_Uefi-x86_noble_current_6.12.28.img.xz (1,896MB, SHA256, signature, torrent), Armbian_25.5.1_Uefi-x86_bookworm_current_6.12.28_minimal.img.xz (759MB, SHA256, signature, torrent). |
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| 2025-05-26 |
NEW • DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 1123 |
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This week in DistroWatch Weekly: - Review: CRUX 3.8
- News: FreeBSD improves laptop support and introduces a tool to transition to pkgbase, Fedora confirms X11 sessions will be dropped from GNOME, HardenedBSD introduces Rust support in userland build, KDE works on virtual machine manager, Linux Mint forks libAdwaita
- Questions and answers: Preventing a laptop from going to sleep
- Released last week: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0, AlmaLinux OS 9.6, NixOS 25.05
- Torrent corner: AlmaLinux OS, BigLinux, KDE neon, Tails
- Upcoming releases: FreeBSD 14.3-RC1
- Opinion poll: Sleep, hibernate, power off, or keep running?
- Site news: Donations and Sponsors
- New additions: Aurora, AxOS, Bluefin, Drauger OS, LastOSLinux, Securonis
- Reader comments
Read more in this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly.... |
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| 2025-05-23 |
NEW • Distribution Release: NixOS 25.05 |
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NixOS is an independently-developed GNU/Linux distribution that aims to improve the state of the art in system configuration management. The distribution's latest release is version 25.05 "Warbler" which will be supported until the end of 2025. The project's release announcement mentions some key highlights, including the availability of GNOME 48 and COSMIC desktop packages. "The packaging of Mesa graphics drivers has been significantly reworked, in particular: Applications linked against different Mesa versions than installed on the system should now work correctly going forward (however, applications against older Mesa, e.g. from Nixpkgs releases before 25.05, remain broken). The global Mesa version can now be managed without a mass rebuild by setting hardware.graphics.package. Packages that used to depend on Mesa for libgbm or libdri should use libgbm or dri-pkgconfig-stub as inputs, respectively. OpenSSH has been updated from 9.9p2 to 10.0p2, dropping support for DSA keys and adding a new ssh-auth binary to handle user authentication in a different address space from unauthenticated sessions." Download (pkglist): latest-nixos-graphical-x86_64-linux.iso (3,720MB, SHA256), latest-nixos-minimal-x86_64-linux.iso (1,446MB, SHA256). |
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| 2025-05-20 |
NEW • Distribution Release: AlmaLinux OS 9.6 |
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The AlmaLinux project has released an update to the distribution's 9.x series. AlmaLinux OS 9.6 focuses on performance and security, as the release announcement highlights: "AlmaLinux 9.6 Stable continues to enhance performance, development tools, and security. Updated module streams improve support for web applications, while new compiler versions bring optimizations for better performance. The release also delivers updates to elfutils, Valgrind, SystemTap, and PCP improving system debugging and performance monitoring. Networking improvements come with new versions of NetworkManager and iproute. Security updates include new SELinux-policy and SSSD versions. Containerization and virtualization are improved with updated podman, buildah, libvirt, and QEMU-KVM. Additionally, the new snpguest and snphost packages enhance virtualization capabilities. AlmaLinux OS 9.6 also includes a tech-preview of KVM virtualization support for the IBM Power architecture. It has been unavailable upstream since version 9.0, but is fundamental for a number of AlmaLinux users." The release notes offer additional details. Download (SHA256, torrent, pkglist): AlmaLinux-9.6-x86_64-dvd.iso (11,718MB), AlmaLinux-9.6-x86_64-boot.iso (1,173MB), AlmaLinux-9.6-x86_64-minimal.iso (2,226MB). |
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| 2025-05-20 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 |
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Red Hat, Inc. has announced the availability of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 10.0, a major update of the company's enterprise Linux line of products. Some of the main new innovations of RHEL 10 include AI-powered Linux management with Lightspeed and enhanced security features for the quantum frontier. "Red Hat, the world's leading provider of open source solutions, today introduced Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, the evolution of the world's leading enterprise Linux platform to help meet the dynamic demands of hybrid cloud and the transformative power of AI. More than just an iteration, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 provides a strategic and intelligent backbone for enterprise IT to navigate increasing complexity, accelerate innovation and build a more secure computing foundation for the future. Recognizing the long-term security implications of quantum computing, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 leads the industry as the first enterprise Linux distribution to integrate Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) compliance for post-quantum cryptography." See the press release and read the detailed release notes for further information. Existing Red Hat customers and registered developers can download the new release from the company's Customer Portal, while potential new users can try the 60-day evaluation edition (pkglist). |
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| 2025-05-15 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Grml 2025.05 |
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Michael Prokop has announced the release of Grml 2025.05, a new stable release of the project's Debian-based live Linux system focusing on the needs of system administrators. This version includes various new packages pulled from the upcoming release of Debian 13, including Linux kernel 6.12.27: "We are proud to announce our new stable release, version 2025.05, code-named 'Nudlaug'. This Grml release brings you fresh software packages from Debian 'Trixie', enhanced hardware support and it addresses known bugs from previous releases. Like in the previous release, 2024.12, live ISO images are provided for 64-bit x86 (amd64) and 64-bit ARM CPUs (arm64). Important changes: this release is based on Debian 'Trixie' as of May 2025; uploaded to Debian - grml-hwinfo, grml-keyring + grml-paste are available starting with Debian 'Trixie'; we use a new signing key for the deb.grml.org repositories; the grml-live build system no longer uses FAI underneath and grml-policyrcd is gone; booting with boot option 'ssh=...' on grml-full automatically announces the SSH service with Avahi (discover it via avahi-browse -d local _ssh._tcp --resolve -t)." See the release announcement and the detailed release notes for more information. Download (mirrors): grml-full-2025.05-amd64.iso (960MB, SHA256, signature, pkglist), grml-small-2025.05-amd64.iso (536MB, SHA256, signature). Images for the arm64 architectures are also available. |
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| 2025-05-13 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Nobara Project 42 |
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Thomas Crider has announced the release of Nobara Project 42, a major update of the distribution's custom variant of Fedora Linux with user-friendly fixes added to it. The new release replaces Firefox with Brave as the default browser and switches to a rolling-release development model: "Nobara 42 officially released. Changelog: Brave is now the default browser; the Nobara package manager has been unpinned from the desktop and favorites; plasma-discover and gnome-software have both now been replaced with flatpost; flatpost is a new in-house developed one-stop shop for flatpaks - tt is able to handle installation, removal, upgrading and permissions of flatpaks as well as flatpak repository management; Nobara is now officially rolling-release; Mesa has been patched with additional fixes for Wine, Wayland and DOOM: The Dark Ages; GNOME version is 48; KDE version is 6.3.4; Mesa version is 25.1.0; NVIDIA driver version is production 575.144; Linux kernel version is 6.14.6." Read the full release announcement for further details. Download (SHA256, pkglist): Nobara-42-Official-2025-05-13.iso (4,404MB), Nobara-42-GNOME-2025-05-13.iso (3,946MB), Nobara-42-KDE-2025-05-13.iso (4,159MB). Separate images with NVIDIA display drivers, as well as images with a Steam Deck-like interface, are also available. |
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| 2025-05-10 |
NEW • Development Release: FreeBSD 14.3-BETA2 |
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Colin Percival has sent out an announcement that the FreeBSD team has released a new development build, FreeBSD 14.3-BETA2. The snapshot includes several bug fixes, particularly surrounding wireless networking: "The second beta build of the 14.3-RELEASE release cycle is now available. If you notice problems you can report them through the Bugzilla PR system or on the -stable mailing list. If you would like to use Git to do a source based update of an existing system, use the 'releng/14.3' branch. A summary of changes since BETA1 includes: multiple wifi-related bug fixes; a 'tcp_do_segment: sent too much' KASSERT will no longer trigger under certain circumstances; nuageinit now supports chpasswd; xz has been updated to 5.8.1; setting invalid VM sysctl values fails rather than causing a kernel panic; mountd(8) now reloads the exports(5) file properly; the arm64 kernel.bin file builds reproducible with respect to local; the in_systm.h and bpf.h headers are now self-contained." Additional information, along with checkums and alternative download options (including images for cloud deployments), can be found in the project's release announcement. Download: FreeBSD-14.3-BETA2-amd64-disc1.iso (1,241MB, SHA512). |
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| 2025-05-08 |
NEW • Distribution Release: SDesk 2025.05.06 |
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Steve Studios Inc. has announced the release of a new version of SDesk, an Arch-based Linux distribution with GNOME as the default desktop. The new version, called "20mini" and labelled as 2025.05.06, adds full SELinux support: "SDesk 20mini, contrary to its name, is the most substantial update to the SDesk distribution that Steve Studios has ever shipped. This massive update adds full SELinux support with a security policy specifically designed for Arch Linux. It is also the first version of SDesk to offer an ISO image with NVIDIA drivers. SDesk 20mini now includes the much more secure memory allocator, hardened_malloc, that is also used in systems like GrapheneOS, and it now restricts kernel pointer access in the proc filesystem for added security. This is also the first version to ship with built-in Java and Lua application support. 20mini also includes a firewall manager and desktop app, and now you can copy emojis directly from the status bar. You can also now view and select all of the old SDesk wallpapers used in previous versions right from the Settings app." Read the rest of the release announcement for complete changelog. Download (pkglist): sdesk-2025.05.06-x86_64.iso (3,079MB, SHA256, signature), sdesk_nvidia-2025.05.06-x86_64.iso (3,351MB, SHA256, signature). |
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| 2025-05-08 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Plamo Linux 8.2 |
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The Plamo Linux maintainer group has announced the release of Plamo Linux 8.2, the latest release of the Japanese project's distribution that is loosely modeled on Slackware Linux and actively maintained since 2001. The new release provides updates packages, including Linux kernel 6.12.21 (with NVIDIA driver 570.133.07), GCC 14.2.0, LLVM 19.1.0, Mesa 25.0.3, Xfce 4.20, LXQt 2.1, MATE 1.28, Firefox 137.0, FFmpeg 7.1.1, TeX Live 20240313, LibreOffice 24.8.6. The developers have removed some unnecessary network-related tools and firmware during installation to slim down the installer; as a result, it is possible that hardware which was previously supported is no longer usable (due to a lack of firmware). In addition, there is a new tool, Plamo8_USBboot_img.zip, for booting from a VFAT-formatted USB memory stick. One copy the EFI, boot and GRUB directories present in this zip file to a USB memory stick and boot from the USB memory stick via UEFI (depending on the UEFI implementation). This environment includes network tools and a full set of Linux firmware, so it can also be used as a rescue system. Read the full release announcement (in Japanese) for further information. Download (pkglist): plamo-8.2_x86_64_usb.iso (12,231MB, MD5). |
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| 2025-05-07 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Raspberry Pi OS 2025-05-06 |
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Simon Long has announced the release of a new version of Raspberry Pi OS, a Debian-based distribution designed for the low-cost Raspberry Pi mini-computers. The 2025-05-06 version introduces new screen-locking and auto-login features: "We've installed a modified version of the swaylock screen locking application. Anyone who has used swaylock will be familiar with its somewhat minimal interface – when you lock the screen, you just get a completely white screen with no indication of what has happened or what you need to do. We felt this was a bit unhelpful, so we've added a custom frontend which gives a bit more feedback as to what is happening and what you need to do to unlock it again. You can now lock the screen by pressing Ctrl-Alt-L, or by choosing 'Shutdown' from the main menu and selecting 'Lock Screen' in the dialog. You'll then see the lock screen, with a password entry box." Continue to the verbose release announcement for a more complete list of new features and screenshots. Here are the download links to the "standard", "full" and "lite" editions for the arm64 architecture (pkglist): 2025-05-06-raspios-bookworm-arm64.img.xz (1,148MB, SHA256, signature, torrent), 2025-05-06-raspios-bookworm-arm64-full.img.xz (3,086MB, SHA256, signature, torrent), 2025-05-06-raspios-bookworm-arm64-lite.img.xz (424MB, SHA256, signature, torrent). |
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| 2025-05-06 |
NEW • Distribution Release: Clonezilla Live 3.2.1-28 |
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Clonezilla Live is a minimal, live distribution which provides tools for cloning and restoring disk and partition images. The project's latest release, version 3.2.1-28, is based on Ubuntu 25.04. "The underlying GNU/Linux operating system has been upgraded, this release is based on the Ubuntu 25.04 'Plucky Puffin' repository, as of 2025-05-04; Linux kernel has been updated to 6.14; Partclone has been updated to 0.3.36; added libfsapfs-utils, usb-modeswitch and fscrypt packages in Clonezilla live system; added ocs-find-live-key program and updated ocs-put-log-usb so that it can copy the log files even when Clonezilla live USB drive is used in 'To RAM' mode; it will find the USB key that is vFAT file system and that contains the Clonezilla-Live-Version' file, then it will be treated as Clonezilla live USB drive; ocs-live-repository - added dev=///OCS_LIVE_USB so that the Clonezilla live USB drive can be assigned as the image repository, especially when Clonezilla live USB drive is booted in 'To RAM" mode', the Clonezilla live USB drive has to be vFAT file system since it's used to boot in both UEFI and MBR mode." Additional information can be found in the release announcement. Download (MD5): clonezilla-live-3.2.1-28-amd64.iso (462MB, pkglist). |
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| 2025-05-01 |
NEW • Distribution Release: ALT Linux 11.0 |
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Maria Fokanova has announced the release of ALT Linux 11.0 "Workstation", an independently-developed Linux distribution with RPM package management and (newly) GNOME as the default desktop: "Update 11 of ALT Workstation operating system is available. The new distribution release is based on Platform 11 (p11 'Salvia' stable branch). The build is available for the x86_64 and AArch64 architectures, using the 6.12 (LTS) Linux kernel. System environment: GCC 14 compiler suite; systemd 255.18; glibc 2.38; glib2 2.82. The new distribution retains the ability to boot ALT Workstation in LiveCD mode. The LiveCD uses Nouveau drivers, while the installed system defaults to NVIDIA drivers. Key features of the release on Platform 11: redesigned system theme; switched from MATE to GNOME desktop environment; numerous new GNOME-compliant applications; updated documentation. The most significant change in Workstation is transition to the GNOME desktop environment. GNOME components: GTK 4.16, Libadwaita 1.6, GNOME Shell 47.4." Read the rest of the release announcement for further information. Download: alt-workstation-11.0-x86_64.iso (6,228MB, SHA512, signature), alt-workstation-11.0-aarch64.iso (5,239MB, SHA512, signature). |
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| 2025-05-01 |
NEW • BSD Release: DragonFly BSD 6.4.1 |
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The DragonFly BSD project has published its first update in over two years. The update to the 6.4.x branch introduces several fixes in the kernel, userland and package manager. "6.4.1 fixes a number of small, long-standing issues, including: Fixed the issue that a pkg(8) update might delete the df-latetest.conf config file, which rendered pkg(8) unusable. Updated the shipped ca_root_nss package so that the newer Let's Encrypt certificates are trusted and thus pkg(8) works with the Avalon HTTPS repo. Fixed a memory leak in the legacy IDE/NATA driver that could easily lead to kernel panics. Expose SMBIOS entry point via kenv so dmidecode(8) works on UEFI-only systems." The release announcement lists other changes to drivers, system libraries the HAMMER2 filesystem, kernel, and userland tools: "date - Add the -I flag for ISO 8601 formatted output. lpr - Fix the '-i' option to allow an optional argument. last - Fix a seg-fault when time_t is out of range. man pages - Fix numerous bugs. newfs_hammer2 - Fix "-V 1" option (not that anyone should ever use it). makefs - Add HAMMER2 support. makefs - Allocate extra inodes when leaving free space in UFS images. makefs - Fix the calculation of file sizes. makefs - Do not assume that daddr_t is 64 bits, cast to 64 bits prior to intermediate multiplications." Download (MD5, pkglist): dfly-x86_64-6.4.1_REL.iso (747MB), dfly-x86_64-6.4.1_REL.img (1,906MB). |
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Featured Distribution: 3CX Phone System |
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3CX Phone System is a specialist, Debian-based Linux distribution designed to run a complete unified communications platform. The 3CX client, included in the distribution, can also be installed separately on most hardware as well as the cloud. It provides a complete open standards-based IP PBX and phone system that works with popular SIP trunks and IP phones. It will automatically configure all supported peripherals and it also comes with clients for Windows, OS X, iOS and Android. The ISO image includes a free license for the 3CX PBX edition. The ISO image contains the standard Debian installer which installs a minimal system with the nginx web server, PostgreSQL database, iptables firewall and Secure Shell. Options not relevant to 3CX have been removed from the distribution. Download the installation ISO image from here: debian-amd64-netinst-3cx.iso (628MB). |
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